Nkhani zoti kompositi itha kuipitsidwa ndi zitsulo zolemera zochokera m'madzi oipa ndi mankhwala ophera udzu owononga omwe akulowa m'nthaka si zachilendo. Mu 2010, University of Maryland Extension inapereka "Gardener's Alert! Chenjerani ndi kompositi ndi manyowa okhala ndi mankhwala ophera udzu.” Bungwe la Ohio State University Extension lasindikiza chikalata chodziwikiratu (PDF) chokhudza mankhwala amodzi osalekeza omwe amapezeka mu kompositi yomwe imapha tomato, biringanya ndi masamba ena a nightshade, komanso nyemba ndi mpendadzuwa.
Koma posachedwapa, zikuwoneka kuti wamaluwa akuyamba kulabadira vuto lina lokhudzana ndi dothi lopanga malonda opangidwa ndi misala ndi kompositi: kuyambitsa tizirombo ndi matenda m'munda wanu kapena malo okulirapo.
Pali zolakwika? Dinani pa yankho lathu la tizirombo kuti muwone zithunzi, mafotokozedwe ndi mndandanda wazinthu zokomera zachilengedwe. Ngati iukira zomera ... muipeza pano! Zimaphatikizapo zonse kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba mpaka whiteflies.
Kuyika dothi, kaya kumabwera m'matumba kapena m'miphika yokhala ndi zinthu zobzala zomwe mwagula, ndizowononga kwambiri. Amadziwika pobweretsa nsabwe za m'mizu zomwe kale zinkadziwika pang'ono m'malo obiriwira komanso m'minda m'dziko lonselo pamlingo wofanana ndi mliri. Amadziwikanso kuti amanyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Dothi limodzi lodziwika bwino la dothi lopaka miphika ndi lodziwika bwino chifukwa chokhala ndi tizilombo tomwe timapanga Kugwira ntchito ndi makasitomala Pali tsamba loperekedwa ku madandaulo.
Mutha kupezanso madandaulo pa intaneti okhudzana ndi dothi labwino komanso kompositi kuchokera m'masitolo akuluakulu omwe ali ndi pulasitiki ndi zinyalala zina.
Ndizovuta kutsatira kufalikira kwa matenda a mbewu ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus m'minda yamaluwa. Koma kuyika dothi kumakayikira kwambiri kufalikira kwa matenda, nkhungu ndi mildew komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Gulani zabwino zokhazokha kuchokera kwa omwe mumawakhulupirira.
Nsabwe za m'mizu nthawi zambiri zimalowera m'nthaka momwe mizu yake imamera. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimenezi zimamana zomera mphamvu ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa fruiting ndi maluwa. Kugula ma clones ndi nazale kuchokera kwa odalirika, makamaka am'deralo, alimi omwe mungawafunse mozungulira ndikuphatikiza kwakukulu. Pewani zinthu za ana zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo akuluakulu komanso m'masitolo akuluakulu.
Kugula mitundu yodalirika kuchokera ku malo odalirika ndikofunikiranso pogula manyowa ndi kompositi. Kompositi iliyonse yopangidwa kuchokera ku zodulidwa za udzu wa mzinda ndi zinyalala zina zobiriwira zitha kukhala ndi mankhwala otsalira a udzu. Mzinda wa Seattle unaphunzira phunziro lovuta m’zaka za m’ma 1990 pamene kompositi yopangidwa kuchokera ku zinyalala zobwezerezedwanso pabwalo inayamba kupha zomera zamasamba. Vutoli pamapeto pake linapangitsa kuti aletse kugwiritsa ntchito clopyralid mu kapinga.
Tsopano mankhwala ena osalekeza amapezeka mu kompositi - aminopyralid. Aminopyralid imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda ya udzu ndi msipu kupha udzu wamasamba. Mofanana ndi clopyralid, imawononga zomera zosiyanasiyana zamasamba, kuphatikizapo nandolo, nyemba ndi tomato. Monga clopyralid, imatha kukhalabe m'nthaka ndi kompositi kwa miyezi kapena zaka (kapangidwe ka kompositi sikufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwake).
Aminopyralid, yopangidwa ndi Dow AgroSciences, imapezeka mu manyowa a mkaka ndi ng'ombe. Manyowawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda ndi m'minda, komanso amathera mu manyowa ndi manyowa ogulitsidwa kwa olima kunyumba.
Mavuto ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe adayambitsidwa koyamba mu 2005, adayamba kuwonekera ku England pofika 2008. Dow wayimitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kutsitsi mpaka chenjezo litaperekedwa (ulalo wachotsedwa).
Ngati simungathe kugula kompositi ndi dothi kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe, ndizotetezeka kupanga zanu. Mwanjira iyi mudzadziwa zomwe zikuchitika ndi zomwe sizikuchitika. Mtendere wamumtima sungathe kugulidwa nthawi zonse.
Poyamba