Momwe mungachotsere zikwapu kukhitchini

Zikumbu, kapena kuti njovu, zadziwika kwa anthu kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo zimatchulidwanso m'mipukutu yakale ya ku Egypt. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, akhala magwero a mavuto ambiri kwa anthu. Zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri kumadera otentha, kafadalawa amapezekanso kumalo ozizira, kuphatikizapo dziko lathu. Nthawi zambiri amalowa m'malo osungiramo zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komwe amadya ndikuwononga.

Choncho, ndikofunika kuti aliyense wa ife adziwe zoyenera kuchita ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'nyumba, komanso momwe tingapewere maonekedwe awo.

Chikumbu. Kodi ndi ndani?

Banja lalikululi la kafadala lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi zikwi makumi anayi. Akuti mitundu zikwi zisanu zokha zimakhala m'dziko lathu, popeza zina zonse zimakonda nyengo zofunda.

Maweevil nthawi zambiri amakhala m'minda ndi m'nyumba zachilimwe, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri zokolola za zipatso ndi zipatso. Osati akuluakulu kafadala omwe amachititsa ngozi, komanso mphutsi zawo.

Mitundu ya nyuzi

Maweevils amaimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, ndipo zambiri zimasinthidwa kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe.

Zina mwa tizirombo tofala m'nyumba ndi izi:

1. Ng'ombe yamphongo: kachikumbu kakang'ono kabulauni kotalika mamilimita 2-4 kamene kamakhala m'njere. Ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono, imadziwika ndi kususuka komanso kubereka mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yovulaza kwambiri. Kutalika kwa moyo wawo ndi zaka ziwiri, pomwe amatha kubereka nthawi 6 mpaka 8.
2. Mpunga wa mpunga: chaching'ono pang'ono kuposa barani, komanso ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Amadya chimanga, nandolo, chimanga ndi ufa wowuma monga ma crackers ndi Zakudyazi.
3. Nut Beetle: imafika kutalika kwa 7 mm ndikuwononga mtedza ndi hazel storages. Imapanga mabowo mu mtedza, momwe imayikira mazira. Mphutsi zimakhala m'nyengo yozizira mkati mwa mtedzawo, zikuyenda mokangalika ndikufalikira mtunda wautali.
4. Oak kapena acorn weevil: komanso mtundu wamba.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya namsongole ndipo, mwatsoka, imatha kuwoneka m'nyumba iliyonse. Ngakhale khitchini yanu itasungidwa mwadongosolo, tizirombozi titha kukudziwitsani kudzera m'zakudya zogulidwa m'sitolo.

Weevil. Maonekedwe

Zimakhala zopanda phindu kufotokoza maonekedwe a weevil, popeza kachirombo kakang'ono kameneka ndi pafupifupi mamilimita 3,5. Thupi lake ndi cylindrical, ndi mutu wautali kumathera mu chubu. Mosiyana ndi kafadala ambiri, kanyamaka sikamatha kuuluka, koma m’malo mwake kumathamanga kwambiri.

Ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono, mbalameyi ili ndi nsagwada zolimba zomwe zimatha kutafuna mosavuta m'matumba, zomwe zimapatsa mwayi wopeza zomwe zili mkati mwake. Mothandizidwa ndi nsagwada zawo, zazikazi zimapanga mabowo munjere ndikuikira mazira.

Patapita milungu ingapo, mphutsizo zimaswa n’kuyamba kudya njerezo kuchokera mkati, kenako n’kulowa mu siteji ya pupal. Akamaliza siteji imeneyi, kalulu wamkulu amapanga dzenje pakhoma la tirigu ndikutuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphutsi zake zikhale zosaoneka.

Kodi chirombo chimalowa bwanji m'nyumba?

Maweevil amatha kulowa mnyumba mwanu pongonyamula chakudya kuchokera kusitolo kapena kumsika. Nthawi zambiri amapeza njira zopangira zinthu panthawi yosungira, zoyendetsa kapena zonyamula, makamaka ngati miyezo yaukhondo siyikukwaniritsidwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingasamutsire chakudya kuchokera mu zovala za ogwira ntchito yosungiramo tirigu kapena zida zaulimi. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyang'ane mosamala zinthu zonse monga mtedza, mbewu, chimanga, pasitala, zouma zouma ndi zinthu zina zofananira zomwe mumagula.

Tizilombo titha kulowanso m'nyumba mwanu kuchokera kuthengo, mwachitsanzo, ngati tabweretsedwa kuchokera kuyenda m'nkhalango, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje kapena nyanja. Choncho, pali chiopsezo chotenga matenda amtundu uliwonse wa kafadala omwe atchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, kupatulapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe sizichitika mwachilengedwe.

Ngati muli ndi zomera m'nyumba mwanu zomwe mumapita panja m'nyengo yachilimwe, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kulowa m'nyumba mwanu. Tizilombozi tikakhala m’katimo, timapeza mosavuta mbewu monga chimanga ndi zakudya zina.

Choncho, pamene zomera zikuwonetsedwa panja, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiziyendera nthawi zonse, kuyang'ana zizindikiro za infestation, monga masamba omwe amatafunidwa, komanso kupezeka kwa tizirombo tokha.

Kodi nsikidzi ndi yoopsa bwanji?

Kuphatikiza pa kuwonongeka kwa chakudya, mphutsi m'nyumba zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena ambiri. Choyamba, amatha kuyambitsa matupi awo sagwirizana, makamaka matupi awo sagwirizana alveolitis. Kachiwiri, ngakhale ena amakhulupirira kuti kutulutsa kwa tizilombo kungayambitse khansa, kafukufuku wa sayansi samatsimikizira izi.

Chachitatu, nsikidzi zimatha kuipitsa chakudya ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta chipolopolo chawo, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mavuto am'mimba. Kuphatikiza apo, tizirombozi titha kuyipitsa zinthu ndi tizilombo toyipa.

Weevil mu chimanga. Kodi kuthana nazo?

Kuchotseratu nyumbu izi sizingakhale zophweka, koma ndizotheka, makamaka ngati mutayamba mwamsanga mutapeza tizilombo kukhitchini. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino ntchito yovutayi, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malangizo omwe ali pansipa.

1. Yang'anani mosamala zinthu zonse zomwe muli nazo, kuchokera ku Zakudyazi ndi chimanga mpaka tiyi. Ndi bwino kutaya zinthu zomwe zili ndi nsabwe za m'masamba kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya cha mbalame. Amene alibe kachilombo, koma akhala pafupi ndi omwe ali ndi kachilombo, ayenera kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kuziyika mufiriji kwa masiku awiri kapena pa khonde pa nyengo yozizira.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yosinthira chisanu poyika chakudya choyipitsidwa mu uvuni kwa maola angapo pa madigiri 60. Chonde dziwani kuti mu nkhani iyi akhoza kutaya opindulitsa katundu.
3. Tsukani kabati yonse bwino pogwiritsa ntchito sopo ndikupukuta ndi kusakaniza vinyo wosasa ndi madzi.

Masitepe osavutawa angapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu pakuwongolera tizilombo ndi tizirombo tina.

Mankhwala mankhwala

Mankhwala onse opangidwa kuti aphe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ayenera kukhala otetezeka kwa anthu, chifukwa nsikidzizi zimagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi chakudya. Kuyika misampha muzovala nthawi zambiri sikuthandiza.

M'pofunikanso kuganizira kuti namsongole ndi omnivores ndipo akhoza kuwononga osati chakudya, komanso zomera zokongola. Amatafuna mphukira zamaluwa ndi kuikira mazira, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri zomera ndikulimbikitsa kuberekana.

Pofuna kupewa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kuchotsa mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zomera, ndiyeno perekani masamba ndi nthaka mumphika ndi yankho la mankhwala odana ndi weevil, monga Fufanon kapena Inta-Vir. Komabe, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa, popeza kuti mankhwalawo nawonso ali pangozi.

Inta-Vir ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumafunikira njira zodzitetezera. Pochiza zomera ndi Inta-Vir, m'pofunika kupewa anthu ena m'chipindamo, komanso ndizoletsedwa kuti musadye chakudya ndi mankhwalawa kuti mupewe zotsatira za ziwalo zam'mimba ndi machitidwe ena a thupi.

"Fufanon" ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso tizirombo tina ta m'munda.

Folk mankhwala polimbana ndi tizilombo

Kuchotsa namsongole kukhitchini n'zotheka osati kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe. Malinga ndi malangizo ambiri, zomera zonunkhira ziyenera kuikidwa m'makabati. Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za ubweya wa thonje zoviikidwa mu lavenda yoikidwa pa shelefu ya golosale. Weevils sakonda kununkhira kwa bulugamu, timbewu ta timbewu tonunkhira, masamba a bay, chotsukira zovala, peel ya citrus, chestnuts, cloves wa ufa, lavenda wouma ndi tansy.

Njira yothandiza ndiyonso kuyika adyo cloves molunjika mumitsuko momwe chakudya chimasungidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kupanga chisakanizo cha ammonia, turpentine, palafini ndi sopo wamadzimadzi mumitundu yofanana, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamashelefu. Kutsuka mashelufu ndi madzi a sopo ndiyeno kuwapaka ndi vinyo wosasa wocheperako kungakhalenso njira yabwino yoletsera tizilombo.

Njira yothandiza kwambiri ndiyo kuika zinthu zachitsulo m’mitsuko ya chakudya, monga zotchingira malata, waya kapena misomali yachitsulo. Musanagwiritse ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zinthuzi zitsukidwe bwino, zowiritsa ndikuloledwa kuti ziume.

Zomera zam'nyumba ndi zomangira

Monga tanenera kale, kachilomboka kamakonda kwambiri zomera zapakhomo kuwonjezera pa zakudya. Sikuti amangoyikira mazira mu mtedza, dzinthu ndi mbewu, komanso amaukira maluwa, kumeza mapesi ndi kuwafooketsa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa cha kususuka kwawo kwakukulu, tizilombo toononga timatha kuyamwa kuwirikiza ka zana kuposa kulemera kwa mbewu iliyonse. N'zosavuta kuti alowe pa zomera, mwachitsanzo, ngati muyika zomera pa khonde m'chilimwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitidwa ndi ambiri.

Monga tanenera kale, njira yaikulu yothanirana ndi nsabwe za m’maluwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pothirira nthaka ndi kupukuta masamba a zomera, mutachotsa maluwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, muyenera kutsatira malangizowo ndikusunga malamulo otetezeka.

Ngati mukufuna kupewa mankhwala, ndiye kuti njira yabwino yothetsera tizirombozi ndikupopera ndi ufa wa mpiru wosungunuka m'madzi. Kuti muchite izi, sungunulani 100 magalamu a ufa mumtsuko wa 3-lita wa madzi oyera.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kusinthiratu dothi limodzi ndi mphika, popeza kafadalawa amapezeka m'nthaka.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuti ziwembu zisawonekere?

Tawona kale njira zothanirana ndi nsikidzi zovulaza m'zakudya, koma njira yabwino ndiyo kupewa kuti zisawonekere.

Kuti akwaniritse izi, akulimbikitsidwa:

1. Sungani chimanga, pasitala, mtedza ndi zakudya zina zochulukira mu pulasitiki wotsekedwa mwamphamvu, magalasi kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ikani m'malo amdima komanso ozizira, makamaka pamashelefu apansi.
2. Pewani kuchulukitsira nyumba yanu pogula chakudya ngati mukufunikira.
3. Nthawi zonse yeretsani mashelufu a kabati ya khitchini ndi madzi ndi vinyo wosasa kapena sopo.
4. Monga njira yodzitetezera, ikani mapeyala owuma a citrus (monga malalanje) kapena masamba a bay m'munsi mwa muli ndi zinthu zambiri.
5. Nthawi ndi nthawi yang'anani zakudya zomwe muli nazo monga chimanga, ufa, pasitala, nyemba ndi mtedza. Yang'ananinso mosamala zipatso zouma, zokometsera ndi tiyi, chifukwa nsikidzi zitha kuwoneka pamenepo.
6. Musanagwiritsenso ntchito chidebecho, muzimutsuka bwino ndi yankho la vinyo wosasa, mchere, koloko kapena mpiru molingana ndi 1 tsp. pa galasi.
7. Pewani kutaya dzinthu, mpunga ndi zinthu zina pamashelefu; Ngati chinachake chatayika mwangozi, chiyeretseni mwamsanga.

Kutsatira njira zopewera izi komanso kutchera khutu ku momwe kachilomboka kakuwonekera m'nyumba mwanu kudzakuthandizani kupewa zovuta ndi tizilombo.

Mafunso ofunsidwa kawirikawiri

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kabati kwa namsongole?
Pali njira zambiri zochizira makabati motsutsana ndi weevils. Pakati pawo pali njira zosiyanasiyana, monga vinyo wosasa, mpiru ufa, sopo, koloko, mchere ndi ena ambiri. Mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za njirazi m'nkhani yathu. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa makabati akukhitchini sikuvomerezeka chifukwa akhoza kukhala poizoni ndipo ndi bwino kuwasunga kutali ndi chakudya.

Kodi nsikidzi zimakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Childs, tizilombo zoipa moyo kwa zaka ziwiri ndipo nthawi imeneyi akhoza kubala 6 mpaka 8 mibadwo ya ana. Moyo wawo umatengera chilengedwe komanso kupezeka kwa zakudya zokwanira.

Kodi kuchotsa weevils mu khitchini?
Pali njira zambiri zophera tizilombo, zambiri zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuyika mbewu zokhala ndi fungo lowala pamashelefu, kuwonjezera zinthu zachitsulo muzotengera za chimanga, kapena kuthira mashelufu ndi viniga wochepa.

Momwe mungapulumutsire mbewu zapakhomo ku namsongole?
Pali njira zingapo zopulumutsira mbewu zapanyumba ku namsongole. Mankhwala apadera angagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma dziwani zoopsa zomwe zingatheke paumoyo ndikutsatira malangizo oyenera. Njira yotetezeka ndiyo kuchitira zomera ndi yankho la ufa wa mpiru.