Mbozi ya Leafworm: Mitundu 13 ya tizilombo ndi njira zothana nayo
Aliyense wokhala m'chilimwe kapena wamaluwa kamodzi anapeza masamba atakulungidwa mu chubu pamitengo ya zipatso kapena zitsamba, momwe mbozi zing'onozing'ono zimabisala. Maonekedwe a masamba oterowo akuwonetsa kuti chimodzi mwa tizirombo towopsa kwambiri, leafworm, chawonekera pamalopo.
Zamkatimu
Zodzigudubuza zamasamba: chithunzi cha gulugufe ndi mbozi
dzina: masamba odzigudubuza
Zaka.:Tortricidae kapena OlethreutidaeMaphunziro: Tizilombo - tizilombo
Gulu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera Banja: Zodzigudubuza masamba - Tortricidae
 | Malo okhala: | paliponse |
 | Zopadera: | mbozi zimadya pafupifupi mbali zonse za zomera |
 | Phindu kapena kuvulaza: | tizirombo ta mitengo yazipatso ndi ma conifers ena |
Kufotokozera za tizilombo
Kapepala kakukula.
Leafworms ndi banja la agulugufe ang'onoang'ono. Kutalika kwa mapiko a tizilombo sikudutsa masentimita 2,5. Kutalika kwa thupi la njenjete kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 2, ndipo pamwamba pake pali tsitsi zambiri.
Mtundu mapiko amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana malinga ndi mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo amakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya azitona komanso yofiirira. Pamwamba pa mtundu waukulu pamapiko, pangakhale mawanga owala ndi mikwingwirima yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa mapiko akutsogolo nthawi zonse umakhala ndi mthunzi wakuda kuposa wakumbuyo.
Fomu Mapiko a agulugufe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi utatu kapena trapezoidal. Popinda, mapiko a leafworms samakonzedwa molunjika, monga agulugufe ambiri, koma mopingasa.
Mwa njira ya moyo, leafworm ndi tizilombo usiku. Masana, njenjeteyo imapeza pobisalira ndipo imakhala pamenepo mpaka mdima.
Kukula kwa gulugufe
Monga dongosolo lonse la Lepidoptera, nyongolotsi imadutsa magawo angapo panjira yakukhwima kwathunthu.
Mitundu yayikulu ya timapepala
Banja la njenjetezi lili ndi mitundu yoposa 10 zikwi zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezeka pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. M'gawo la Russia, mitundu 13 yamitundu yodziwika bwino imawopseza kwambiri zomera.
Chodziwika bwino cha agulugufe amtunduwu ndi mtundu wachikasu-woyera pamapiko akutsogolo. Amawononga mbewu monga pichesi, apulo, peyala, maula, chitumbuwa, maapricots, chitumbuwa ndi rasipiberi.
Pa mapiko akutsogolo a gulugufe pali khalidwe mikwingwirima kuwala, komanso madontho achikasu ndi buluu. Mphutsi ya mpesa imakonda kuwononga mphesa, koma imatha kuwononga maapulo, mapeyala, ma plums, ndi mapichesi.
Mapiko a njenjete amapakidwa utoto wotuwa woderapo ndipo amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala komanso yoyera. Pichesi, quince, peyala, maula, apurikoti, medlar, cotoneaster ndi mtengo wa apulo amakhala ozunzidwa ndi kum'mawa leafworm.
Mtundu wa mapiko akutsogolo a tizilombo ndi imvi-bulauni kapena woderapo, malingana ndi kugonana. Pamwamba pa mapiko pali chophimba chachikasu kapena chofiira. Kuphatikiza pa mitengo ya zipatso m'minda, mtundu uwu wa leafworm umawononga chitumbuwa cha mbalame, phulusa lamapiri, hawthorn, cotoneaster, hazel ndi mitengo ina yodula.
Mapiko agulugufe amapakidwa utoto wotuwa-bulauni popanda mawonekedwe otchulidwa. Tizilombo zimayambitsa kuwononga kwambiri mbewu, kuwononga zipatso za pichesi, maula, peyala, apulo ndi apurikoti.
Mtundu waukulu wa mapiko a njenjete ndi imvi yakuda. Pamwamba pake, mawonekedwe otchulidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mikwingwirima yopingasa, ya mthunzi wowala. Tizilombo mphutsi kuwononga zipatso za pichesi, peyala ndi apulo mitengo.
Mtundu wa mapiko a njenjete ndi wobiriwira kapena wachikasu-wobiriwira. Mbozi amadya masamba a birch, mapulo, thundu, hornbeam, beech, komanso apulo, peyala, pichesi ndi apurikoti.
Mapiko akutsogolo a gulugufe ndi mtundu wa bulauni, ndi utoto wofiirira. Tizilomboti timawononga ma plums, ma apricots, ma plums, mapichesi, mitengo ya maapulo, mapeyala, yamatcheri, maluwa akutchire ndi ma hawthorns.
Chinthu chosiyana ndi njenjete ndi kuwala, mtundu wa bluish-imvi wa ngodya yakunja ya mapiko akutsogolo. Zipatso leafworm mphutsi kuwononga maula, apurikoti, apulo, peyala, chitumbuwa maula, phiri phulusa, chitumbuwa ndi hawthorn.
Mtundu wa mapiko a njenjete umasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira wachikasu kapena wagolide, wokhala ndi utoto wobiriwira pang'ono. Mbozi zamtunduwu zimawononga kwambiri mphesa, koma zimadyanso masamba a plums, mapeyala, yamatcheri, mabulosi akuda, sitiroberi ndi zomera zina zambiri.
Mapiko akutsogolo amtundu uwu ndi achikasu-bulauni kapena lalanje-chikasu. Mbozi kuwononga masamba a currants, raspberries, apulo mitengo, mapichesi ndi mbewu zina.
Mtundu wa mapiko ndi bulauni wonyezimira kapena ocher wachikasu, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira-bulauni. Tizilomboti timawononga mitengo ya maapulo, mapeyala, raspberries, ma currants, yamatcheri, plums ndi maluwa.
Mtundu wa mapiko akutsogolo mwa amuna ndi akazi ndi wosiyana kwambiri. Mapiko aamuna amapakidwa utoto wotuwa-bulauni popanda chitsanzo, ndipo mapiko aakazi ndi otuwa, otuwa, okongoletsedwa ndi mawanga angapo a bulauni. Zakudya za mphutsi za leafworm zimapangidwa ndi mitengo ya apulo, mapeyala, gooseberries, currants ndi raspberries.
Zoyipa zomwe timapepala timapanga
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu m'minda ndi minda ya zipatso kumachitika chifukwa cha mphutsi za leafworm. Amadya mbali zosiyanasiyana za mitengo yazipatso ndi tchire la mabulosi, motero zimadzetsa kusayenerera kwa mbewuyo komanso kufooketsa chitetezo cha zomera. Pakudyetsa, mbozi zimatha kuwononga:
- masamba;
- zipatso;
- impso
- inflorescences.
Mapepala - chifukwa chachikulu cha maonekedwe matumba pamtengo wa apulo.
Njira zopewera nyongolotsi
Njira zazikulu zochitira ndi leafworms, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi agulugufe ena owopsa, amagawidwa m'magulu angapo: makina, biological, mankhwala ndi anthu.
Njira zamakina
Mwa njira zamakina zothanirana ndi leafworms ndi izi:
- kutolera mbozi ku tchire ndi mitengo pamanja;
Lamba wotchera misampha.
- kugwedeza tizilombo ku nthambi;
- kukhazikitsa malamba osaka ndi misampha yapadera pamitengo.
njira zamoyo
Njira zamoyo zothana ndi mbozi za leafworm ndi kukopa adani achilengedwe a tizilombo ku malowo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- mphutsi za lace;
- kupha kafadala;
- mbalame zosiyanasiyana.
Mankhwala
Kuwononga tizirombo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo sayenera kuchitidwa pa chomera chomwe chili ndi kachilomboka, komanso m'gawo la dimba lonse kapena kanyumba ka chilimwe. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa mbozi ndi ma pupae a leafworm kusuntha mtunda wautali.
Pakati pa mankhwala osiyanasiyana, polimbana ndi leafworm, adziwonetsera okha mwa njira yabwino kwambiri:
- Alatar;
- Fufanon;
- Karbofos;
- Dursban;
- Atomu;
- Kutera.
Maphikidwe a anthu
Kwa iwo omwe safuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala patsamba lawo, pali njira zingapo zothandiza anthu kuthana ndi nyongolotsi zamasamba.
| Kulowetsedwa wa chowawa | Oyenera onse atsopano ndi youma zitsamba. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chowawa chatsopano, mudzafunika chidebe cha ½ cha zitsamba zodulidwa bwino. Pankhani ya chowawa chouma, payenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito magalamu 700-800. Choyamba, chowawa amathiridwa m’malita 10 a madzi ndipo amaloledwa kuthira kwa maola 48. The chifukwa tincture ayenera yowiritsa kwa mphindi 30 pa moto wochepa. Pambuyo kuzirala, sungani ndikuwonjezera madzi mu voliyumu yotere kuti mutenge malita 10 a msuzi womalizidwa. Musanagwiritse ntchito, mankhwalawa amachepetsedwanso ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1. |
| Fodya tincture | Pophika, muyenera shag kapena fumbi la fodya mu kuchuluka kwa 0,5 kg. Fodya amatsanuliridwa ndi chidebe cha madzi otentha ndikulowetsedwa kwa maola pafupifupi 48. Pamene tincture ili wokonzeka, m'pofunika kupsyinjika ndi yopyapyala ndi kufinya keke bwino. Chidebe china chamadzi ndi 100 g ya grated kapena sopo wamadzimadzi amawonjezeredwa ku tincture wa fodya. |
| Mbatata tincture | Kwa tincture, muyenera 4 kg ya nsonga zobiriwira kapena 2 kg youma. Ngati nsonga zili zatsopano, ziyenera kudulidwa bwino musanagwiritse ntchito. Nsonga zokonzekera ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi ndowa yamadzi ofunda ndikusiya kwa maola 3-4. The chifukwa tincture ayenera kusefedwa ndi kuwonjezera 40 g sopo. |
Njira zothandizira
Makhalidwe abwino aulimi ndi njira zodzitetezera nthawi zonse ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mbewu za m'munda zisamavutike ndi nyongolotsi. Zotsatirazi zithandizira kukhalabe wathanzi komanso chitetezo champhamvu cha mitengo yazipatso ndi tchire la mabulosi:
- kuthirira panthawi yake, kupalira, kudulira ndi kudyetsa zomera;
- kumasula nthaka pafupipafupi pafupi ndi thunthu la thunthu;
- kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku masamba akugwa ndi zipatso;
- kuyeretsa pachaka ndi kuyeretsa makungwa pa thunthu ndi nthambi za chigoba;
- njira zodzitetezera ndi mkuwa sulphate kapena Bordeaux madzi.
Pomaliza
Leafworm ndi njenjete yoopsa kwambiri yomwe imatha kuwononga zipatso ndi thanzi la mmera. Kuchotsa tizilombo tambirimbiri kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa chake muyenera kupewa nthawi zonse ndikuyamba kuthana ndi tizirombo munthawi yake.
Poyamba