Triatomine bug: mawonekedwe ndi kufotokozera za tizilombo tachikondi tochokera ku Mexico
Triatomine nsikidzi ndi oimira banja la dzina lomwelo, okhala makamaka ku South America continent. Anthu amachitcha kuti "kissing bug" kapena "wakupha wofatsa" - nthawi zambiri amakhala pankhope m'dera la milomo ndi maso ndipo amanyamula matenda oopsa.
Zamkatimu
- Triatom bug: kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu
- Kodi nsikidzi za triatomine zimakhala kuti
- Momwe mungadziwire kuti kachilombo kakupsompsona kakhazikika pafupi
- Zoyenera kuchita ngati kachilombo ka triatomic kapezeka kunyumba
- Chifukwa chiyani ma triatomine nsikidzi ali owopsa kwa anthu?
- Matenda a Chagas ndi chiyani
- Momwe mungachiritsire matenda a Chagas
- Kupewa kulumidwa ndi nsikidzi za triatomic
Triatom bug: kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu
The triatomine bug ndi ya banja la dzina lomwelo. Oimira onse amtunduwu amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu ndi khalidwe linalake.
Maonekedwe ndi kapangidwe
Kachilombo kakupsompsona ndi kachilombo kakang'ono, kutalika kwa thupi lake kumayambira 2 mpaka 3,5 cm, malasha akuda kapena imvi ndi mikwingwirima yofiira m'mphepete mwake. Thupi looneka ngati peyala. Mutu ndi waukulu, wooneka ngati koni ndi maso otukumuka. Kumbuyo kuli mapiko opindika achikopa. Kachilomboka kali ndi mapeyala atatu a miyendo yosalala.
Kubala ndi kuzungulira kwa moyo
Kodi kachilombo ka triatomine amadya chiyani?
Chakudya chachikulu cha kachilombo kakupsompsona ndi magazi a anthu ndi nyama. Komanso, osati akuluakulu okha, komanso nymphs amadya motere. Pofunafuna malo okhalamo, tizilombo timagonjetsa mtunda wautali, monga lamulo, kuunikira kwanyumba ndi chitsogozo chake.
Kachilomboka kamaluma nkhope nthawi zonse. Izi ndichifukwa choti amakopeka ndi mpweya woipa, womwe munthu amawutulutsa m'maloto.
Momwe mungasiyanitse ndi zamoyo zina
Nsomba ya triatomine ndi yofanana ndi tizilombo tina, koma imatha kusiyanitsa ndi mapiko achikopa komanso ocheperako, oyenda mpaka kumapeto, paws.
Kodi nsikidzi za triatomine zimakhala kuti
Tizilombo toopsa timakhala m'mayiko omwe ndi otentha kwambiri. Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kwa iye ndi + 25-28 madigiri.
M'mayiko omwe mungapeze nsikidzi
Mayiko omwe kupsopsona kachilomboka kumakhala kudera la South ndi North America.
Anthu okhala m'maiko otsatirawa nthawi zambiri amavutika ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo:
- Guatemala;
- Ecuador;
- Bolivia;
- Argentina;
- Colombia;
- Uruguay;
- Panama;
- Brazil.
Kuonjezera apo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, milandu yodziwika bwino ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda yakhala ikulembedwa m'mayiko ena: Pakistan, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore. Akatswiri akufotokoza kukulirakulira kwa malo okhala ndi kachilomboka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu okwera komanso onyamula katundu.
Kodi mtundu uwu umapezeka ku Russia?
Nyengo yadziko lathu siili yoyenera komwe amakhala, chifukwa chake, ku Russia sikunakhalepo milandu yakupsompsona nkhupakupa. Anthu aku Russia amatha kuvutika ndi kulumidwa kwake akamapita kutchuthi kapena kukachita bizinesi. Anthu amene amayendera maiko omwe ali pamwambawa akulangizidwa kuti adziŵe zambiri zokhudza tizilomboti.
Momwe mungadziwire kuti kachilombo kakupsompsona kakhazikika pafupi
Nthawi zambiri, kupezeka kwa tizilombo m'nyumbamo kumadziwika ndi kukhudzana nawo mwachindunji, kapena munthu amazindikira mwangozi ali pabedi. Komanso, maonekedwe a mawanga oyera kapena amdima osadziwika bwino pa zofunda angasonyeze maonekedwe ake.
Zomwe tizilombo nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi nsikidzi zopsompsona
Dongosolo la nsikidzi limagwirizanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 40. Zina mwazo ndizofanana kwambiri ndi triatomic:
Zoyenera kuchita ngati kachilombo ka triatomic kapezeka kunyumba
Ngati kachiromboka kapezeka m'nyumba, osachikhudza konse ndi manja opanda kanthundi, popeza matenda akhoza kuchitika kudzera microcracks pakhungu.
- Muyenera kuvala magolovesi kapena kuteteza manja anu ndi nsalu, kutenga tizilombo, kuika mu chidebe chokhala ndi chivindikiro cholimba ndikutumiza ku labotale kuti akatswiri adziwe ngati munthuyo ndi wonyamula matenda opatsirana.
- Pamwamba pomwe tizilombo tinapezeka tikuyenera kuthandizidwa. Ngati ndi nsalu, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuwotcha. Ngati pamwamba ndizovuta, ndiye kuti ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi a sopo ndi bleach.
Chifukwa chiyani ma triatomine nsikidzi ali owopsa kwa anthu?
Matenda a Chagas ndi chiyani
Matenda a Chagas ndi matenda a parasitic. The causative wothandizira ndi unicellular tizilombo Trypanosoma cruzi. Mutha kutenga kachilomboka kokha mwa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale kukhudzana kochepa ndi thupi lake kungayambitse matenda.
Pakali pano palibe katemera wa trypanosomiasis waku America.
Zizindikiro za matenda
Kutalika kwa makulitsidwe a matendawa ndi masiku 7 mpaka 40. Matendawa pawokha amapezeka 2 magawo, zizindikiro zimadalira siteji ya chitukuko cha matenda.
Acute gawo
Nthawi zambiri, mawonetseredwe azachipatala amapezeka atangolumidwa, nthawi zina gawo ili limatha kukhala lopanda zizindikiro. Pambuyo pa matenda, redness, kutupa, ndi nodule yaing'ono imawonekera pamalo olumidwa. Zizindikiro zowonjezereka zimakhala zofanana ndi maonekedwe a chimfine, choncho nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa.
Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- malungo;
- kuchuluka kwa kutentha;
- kukulitsa ma lymph nodes;
- nkhope yotupa;
- zotupa zazing'ono pakhungu;
- matenda a m'mimba.
Chizindikiro chodziwika cha matenda ndizomwe zimatchedwa chizindikiro cha Roman - kutupa kwakukulu komanso kufalikira kwa chikope padiso. Panthawi imeneyi, chiwopsezo cha imfa ya wodwalayo chimakhala chachikulu ngati sichikuperekedwa ndi chithandizo chanthawi yake. Gawolo limatha pakatha miyezi 1-2, ndipo ngati panalibe chithandizo, matendawa amapita kunthawi yayitali.
Panthawi imeneyi, thupi limatulutsa ma antibodies ku kachilomboka. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti pali kuchira. Zizindikiro zimangodziwika bwino ndipo izi ndizovuta za matendawa - zimapitirizabe kuwononga ziwalo, koma nthawi zina munthu amatha kumva kupweteka m'mimba kapena mtima, komabe, kusintha kosasinthika kumachitika. m'thupi. Gawo losatha limatha zaka makumi angapo. Zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri za matenda a Chagas ndi kukula kwa minofu ya mtima, chiwindi, mmero, matumbo. Mu 5-10% meningoencephalitis ndi meningoencephalitis amawonedwa.
Nthawi zambiri, trypanosomiasis imayambitsidwa ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo. Woyamwitsa magazi amakonda kuluma m'dera lozungulira maso ndi pakamwa, motero nthawi zambiri kachilomboka kamadutsa mu mucous nembanemba pamene munthu akusisita pamalo olumidwa. Malovu a tizilombo amakhala ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu, kotero kuti munthu pa nthawi yoboola khungu ndi nkhupakupa samamva kupweteka. Tizilombo tomwe timatenga kachilomboka kuchokera ku nyama zakuthengo - anyani, opossums, makoswe ndi armadillos.
Kulowa kwa kachilombo ka Chagas m'thupi la munthu kungathenso kuchitika m'njira zina: tactile kukhudzana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: matendawa amalowa pakhungu, kenako amalowa m'mabala, microcracks, ndi mucous nembanemba. Kulowetsedwa mwangozi kwa ndowe za tizilombo zomwe zakhala mu chakudya chomwe sichinayambe kutentha koyenera. Kuchokera kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilombo kupita kwa mwana panthawi yobereka komanso yoyamwitsa. Pamene kudya nyama ya odwala nyama, ndi kuikidwa magazi ndi limba transplants.
Pakali pano, matenda a Chagas ndi opanda ungwiro. Pofuna kudziwa ngati kuli kofunikira kuchita mayeso angapo. Nthawi zambiri, mayeso a magazi a serological ndi mayeso a Guerreiro-Machado amachitidwa pa phunziroli. Xenodiagnosis imagwiritsidwanso ntchito: magazi a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka amalowetsedwa mu nsikidzi zopsompsona zathanzi, ndiye kuti tizilombo timayesedwa ku matenda a Chagas. Ngati matendawa adutsa mu gawo lalikulu, nthawi zambiri zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipa.
Momwe mungachiritsire matenda a Chagas
Mpaka pano, palibe mankhwala othandiza pa matenda a Chagas. Therapy ndi symptomatic, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi.
Mukayamba chithandizo pachimake, ndiye kuti mwayi wochira ndi 90%.
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Nifurtimox ndi Benznidazole. Mankhwalawa ali ndi antiprotosis ndipo amapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Munthawi yayitali, kumwa mankhwalawa sikoyenera, chithandizo chokhacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuluma mankhwala kunyumba
Tikumbukenso kuti chithandizo cha tryponasomiasis kunyumba pamaso pachimake, khalidwe zizindikiro n'zosavomerezeka ndipo kufunafuna thandizo lachipatala n'kofunika.
Komabe, musanapite kuchipatala, mutha kuchitapo kanthu mwadzidzidzi:
- sambani malo oluma ndi madzi ofunda ndi sopo wa antibacterial;
- Ikani ayezi mu thumba la pulasitiki loyera pakhungu pafupi ndi malo oluma kuti muchepetse kutupa;
- chitirani chilondacho ndi antiseptic - yankho la mowa, gel osakaniza;
- kuti muchepetse kuyabwa, gwiritsani ntchito calamine kapena fenistil pakhungu;
- palibe vuto musapese malo oluma, tikulimbikitsidwanso kudula misomali yanu momwe mungathere kuti musakanda bala mwachibadwa kapena m'maloto;
- kutenga antihistamines aliwonse.
Ndi zizindikiro zotani zomwe ziyenera kutengedwera kuchipatala?
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, muyenera kulumikizana ndi chipatala chilichonse. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizo chifukwa choyitanira mwadzidzidzi kwa dokotala:
- chizungulire ndi kutayika kwa malingaliro mumlengalenga;
- edema m'maso;
- kupuma movutikira, kupweteka kwa mtima;
- kuchuluka kwa kutentha;
- zotupa pakhungu;
- kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kudzimbidwa kwambiri.
Kupewa kulumidwa ndi nsikidzi za triatomic
Palibe katemera wa matenda a Chagas, koma kutsatira njira zosavuta zodzitetezera kungachepetse chiopsezo chotenga matenda:
- gwiritsani ntchito mauna apadera kuti muteteze mazenera ndi malo ogona, omwe amalepheretsa kulowa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- kusunga malamulo onse a ukhondo;
- monga prophylaxis, kutenga mankhwala zochokera permetrin;
- ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'nyumba, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala apadera kuti muwaphe.