Ndani ndi chinkhanira chamadzi: kachilombo kodabwitsa komwe kamakhala pansi pamadzi
Zinkhanira zamadzi ndi za banja la nsikidzi zamadzi kuchokera ku infraorder Nepomorpha. Pazonse, pali mitundu pafupifupi 230 ya tizirombozi, yolumikizana mu 14 genera ndi 2 subfamilies.
Zamkatimu
Kodi chinkhanira chamadzi chimawoneka bwanji: chithunzi
Water chinkhanira: kufotokoza
Chinkhanira chimene chikukhala mosayenda mobisalira tingachiyerekeze mosavuta ndi tsamba lofota limene lagwera m’dziwe. Kukhala ndi moyo wongokhala, komanso mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a thupi, kumathandiza kubisa arthropod.
| Maonekedwe | Kunja, kachilomboka kamaoneka ngati chinkhanira, osati kachilombo. Ili ndi thupi lozungulira lathyathyathya lotuwa-bulauni mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 2. Pamwamba pamimba pamakhala pafiira m'mphepete. Mutu wawung'ono wokhala ndi maso apawiri uli ndi proboscis wamphamvu ndi tinyanga. Miyendo yakutsogolo yogwira imafanana ndi zikhadabo, ndipo kumbuyo kuli njira yayitali yochokera ku machubu olumikizana ndi kupuma. |
| Chakudya ndi moyo | Zinkhanira zamadzi zimasambira bwino ndipo siziwuluka, chifukwa chake zimakhala, monga lamulo, m'madzi abwino osasunthika, kubisala muzomera. Amabisala mu thovu la mpweya kapena kusamukira kumtunda, komwe amabisala mu moss, masamba owola ndi udzu. Zakudya za arthropods zimakhala ndi tizilombo tating'ono, tadpoles, mazira ndi mphutsi, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yanjala, achibale. Chopuwala ndi poizoni ndi kugwira nyama, chinkhaniracho chimakumba m'thupi lake ndi proboscis yake ndi kutulutsa madzi opatsa thanzi. |
| Kupuma kwa zinkhanira zamadzi | Tizilombo tolusa timasunga mpweya kudzera mu chubu chopumira chomwe chimakwera pamwamba pa madzi. Kupyolera mu izo, mpweya umapita ku spiracles m'mimba ndipo kuchokera pamenepo - kulowa m'mimba pansi pa mapiko. |
| Kubala ndi kuzungulira kwa moyo | Nsikidzi zamadzi zimakumana kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena m'dzinja, ndipo m'masiku oyambirira a chilimwe, yaikazi imayikira mazira 20 pamwamba pa zomera. Mphutsi zomwe zimaphwanyidwa zimafanana ndi akuluakulu, koma chubu chopumira chimawonekera mwa iwo pambuyo pa molt yomaliza. Gawo la nymph limatenga miyezi itatu, kotero kuti zinkhanira zazing'ono zimagona kale atakula. |
| Kodi chinkhanira chamadzi chimakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji? | Pazikhalidwe zabwino, arthropods amatha kukhala zaka 3-5. Ngakhale m'chilengedwe, si anthu onse omwe amatha kupulumuka ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira yoyamba. Zoopsa zimadikirira tizilombozi paliponse. |
Mitundu ndi malo okhala zinkhanira zamadzi
Zoyimira zamtunduwu ndizofala ku Africa, Europe ndi Asia. Pali ambiri aiwo m'malo okhala ndi madzi ofunda mpaka madigiri 25-35: m'nkhalango zam'dziwe, madambo, mitsinje yokhala ndi silt yokhala ndi zobiriwira zambiri, matope ndi anthu ang'onoang'ono.
N'chifukwa chiyani nsikidzi ndi zoopsa kwa anthu?
Tizilombozi sizimayika ngozi mwachangu kwa anthu, chifukwa sichiwona ngati nyama. Nthaŵi zambiri, nsikidziyo ikangoona munthu, imangokhala ngati yafa.
Komabe, nyamazi siziyenera kuonedwa ngati zolengedwa zopanda vuto lililonse. Pakakhala ngozi, kachilombo kamadzi kamaluma. Kenako malo ofiira amapangidwa pamalo a chotupacho, nthawi zina (ndi kulumidwa ndi kachilombo kotentha), kusagwirizana kumawonedwa.
Pofuna kupewa kulumidwa, simuyenera kukhudza tizilombo ndikunyamula. Izi zikachitika, dera lomwe lakhudzidwa liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi antiseptic.
Adani achilengedwe a zinkhanira zamadzi
Mwachilengedwe, nsikidzi zamadzi zimakhala ndi adani ambiri. Amadyedwa ndi nsomba, zamoyo zam'madzi ndi mbalame. Chiwopsezo chimayimiridwanso ndi nthata zamadzi, zomwe zimatopetsa pang'onopang'ono ndikupangitsa kufa kwa arthropod.
Zosangalatsa za zinkhanira zamadzi
Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti nsikidzi zimatha kutulutsa phokoso lofanana ndi kulira kwa ziwala, ndipo mitundu ina imatha kusunga umuna ukakwerana n’kuugwiritsanso ntchito.
Chotsatira