Zomwe kachilomboka amadya: adani a kachilomboka komanso mabwenzi a anthu
Beetles ndi gawo lalikulu la nyama. Dongosolo la Coleoptera lili, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, mitundu 400000. Pakati pawo pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana mu mawonekedwe, kukula, moyo ndi zakudya zokonda. Kudyetsa kafadala ndi nkhani yosiyana.
Zamkatimu
Kodi kafadala ndi ndani?
Zikumbu ndi gulu lalikulu la tizilombo. Amakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pazakudya, amadzidyetsa okha zakudya zingapo komanso amasakidwa ndi nyama ndi mbalame.
Kusiyana kwawo ndiko kusinthidwa kwa mapiko akutsogolo. Iwo ndi wandiweyani ndi zikopa, nthawi zina sclerotized. Zomwe zamoyo zonse zimafanana ndi mapiko ndi mphuno yomwe imakula kapena kutafuna. Kukula kwa thupi, mawonekedwe ndi mithunzi zimasiyana.
Kodi nsikidzi zimadya chiyani?
Mwachidule, gulu lalikulu la kafadala limadya pafupifupi chilichonse. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, pali mtundu wa kachilomboka womwe umadyapo.
Pali gulu linalake malinga ndi mtundu wa chakudya, koma si zonse zomwe zimaganiziridwa. Mitundu ina ya kafadala imakhala m'magulu angapo nthawi imodzi.
Mycetophagous
Izi ndi mndandanda wa kafadala omwe amadya bowa. Pakati pawo pali ena amene amadya njere, amene amakhala pamitengo ndi kumera bowa kumeneko, amene amakhala mu ndowe ndi mitembo ya nyama. Gululi lili ndi:
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- smoothboils;
- khungwa kafadala;
- akubisalira kafadala.
Phytophages
Izi zikuphatikizapo kafadala onse omwe amadya mbali zonse za zomera zamoyo ndi ziwalo zake zakufa. Gawoli lagawidwanso mu:
- ogula moss;
- zomera herbaceous;
- mitengo ndi zitsamba;
- zipatso ndi mbewu;
- maluwa kapena mizu;
- madzi kapena tsinde.
Zoophagi
Izi zikuphatikizapo kafadala omwe amadya zakudya za zomera. Amasiyananso ndi zakudya zomwe amadya. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- adani omwe amadya okha nyama zawo;
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timakhala m’thupi la wolandirayo popanda kuchititsa imfa;
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa imfa pang'onopang'ono;
- hemophages ndi zoyamwa magazi.
Saprophages
Izi ndi zikumbu zomwe zimadya mabwinja a nyama ndi zomera. Akhoza kudya nyama zakufa, nyama za msana, kapena bowa ndi nkhuni pomaliza kuwola. Izi:
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- kukwirira kafadala;
- chiswe;
- mphutsi.
Nsikidzi zovulaza komanso zothandiza
Lingaliro la kuvulaza ndi phindu linayambitsidwa ndi anthu. Mogwirizana ndi iwo, kafadala akhoza kugawanika. Kwa chilengedwe, zamoyo zonse ndizofunika mofanana ndipo zili ndi udindo wawo.
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya kafadala ikakumana ndi anthu, malingaliro opindulitsa ndi ovulaza amayamba.
Nsikidzi zowononga
Gulu lokhazikikali likuphatikizapo kafadala omwe zochita zawo zimawononga zomera. Zikumbu zina ndi nyama za polyphagous zomwe zimawononga zomera za mabanja osiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- polyphagous Colorado mbatata kachilomboka;
- kachikumbu, makamaka mphutsi yake - wireworm;
- cricket mole yomwe ntchito yake imawononga chilichonse chomwe chili panjira yake;
- mkate wakuda kachilomboka;
- mitundu ya khungwa kafadala;
- ena barbel.
Zopindulitsa Bugs
Awa ndi ma coleopterans omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi tizilombo. Chiwerengero chokwanira cha iwo pamalowa chimathandiza kulinganiza kuchuluka kwa tizilombo. Izi ndi:
- ladybugs;
- zina zakufa;
- wozimitsa moto wofewa;
- ndi motley.
Kodi nsikidzi zimadya chiyani kunyumba?
Anthu ena amaweta kafadala ngati ziweto. Iwo si capricious, safuna chidwi kwambiri ndi danga. Zoyenera kwa anthu omwe alibe nthawi yochulukirapo komanso omwe amakonda kudwala. Koma simungathe kumenya nyama zotere m'manja mwanu. Amadyetsedwa:
- zipatso;
- uchi;
- tizilombo tating'ono;
- nyongolotsi;
- mbozi;
- nsikidzi.
Pomaliza
Nsikidzi ndi gawo lalikulu la chilengedwe. Amatenga malo awo mumndandanda wazakudya ndipo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Pokhudzana ndi anthu, malingana ndi mtundu wa zakudya, akhoza kuvulaza kapena kukhala opindulitsa. Ambiri a Coleoptera amadya tizirombo tina, koma ena amadzivulaza okha.
Poyamba