Mkate kachilomboka Kuzka: amadya mbewu phala
Mbewu za phala zimatengedwa kuti ndizofunika kwambiri paulimi. Kulima kumachitidwa ndi chidwi chapadera. Komabe, pali tizilombo towononga kwambiri zomera. Kuzka kachilomboka ndi mmodzi mwa oimira.
Zamkatimu
Kodi kachilomboka Kuzka amawoneka bwanji: chithunzi
Kufotokozera za kachilomboka
dzina: Mkate wa kachilomboka, tirigu wa Kuzka, Kuzka kufesa
Zaka.: Anisoplia austriacaMaphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
Banja: Lamellar - Scarabaeidae
 | Malo okhala: | subtropics ndi tropics, kulikonse |
 | Zowopsa kwa: | dzinthu |
 | Njira zowonongera: | mankhwala, biologicals, adani achilengedwe |
Chikumbu cha mkate: chithunzi.
Chikumbu cha Kuzka chikufanana ndi kachilomboka ka May. Tizilomboti ndi gulu la Coleoptera komanso banja la Lamellar. Maonekedwe a matupi okhala ndi cockchafer ndi ofanana. Kukula kumasiyana kuchokera 10 mpaka 16 mm.
Thupi ndi mutu ndi zakuda. Elytra bulauni kapena chikasu chofiira. M'mphepete mwake muli mtundu woderapo. Azimayi omwe ali ndi kachidontho kakang'ono kakuda kowoneka ngati katatu.
Pa miyendo pali imvi. Ndi chithandizo chawo, tizilombo timamatira ku spikelets. Mutu wokhala ndi tinyanga, pomwe pali mbale zathyathyathya zofanana ndi fan. Akazi ndi osiyana ndi amuna. Kwa akazi, mawonekedwewo amakhala ozungulira, pamene amuna amakhala ndi zikhadabo zooneka ngati mbedza pamiyendo yakutsogolo.
Kuzka beetle amakonda masiku otentha komanso adzuwa. Usiku, amabisala m’ming’alu yapansi. Tizilomboti timagona nthawi yayitali. Tulukani m'malo obisalamo pambuyo pa 9 koloko m'mawa.
Mayendedwe amoyo
Kukweretsa kumayamba patadutsa masiku 14 kuchokera pamene tizilombo tanyamuka. Pali 2 kuwirikiza akazi kuposa amuna.
Poikira mazira, zazikazi zimalowera pansi pafupifupi 15 cm kuya. Kugona kumachitika 2 kapena 3 nthawi. Clutch iliyonse imakhala ndi mazira 35-40. Kwa maulendo atatu chiwerengerocho chikhoza kukhala choposa zana. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, mkazi amafa.
Mazira ndi white matte oval. Amakutidwa ndi chipolopolo chowundana chachikopa. Kukula kwa dzira mpaka 2 mm. Mazira amakhwima mkati mwa masiku 21. Zinthu zowononga mu njirayi zimatengedwa ngati chinyezi chambiri kapena chilala chochuluka.
Mphutsi ndi zoyera. Akamakula, amakhala akuda. Kukhetsa kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mphutsi zimakhala m’nthaka. Kuzama kwa kumizidwa kumakhudzidwa ndi mlingo wa chinyezi ndi kutentha. M'chilimwe ndi yophukira, amapezeka pafupi ndi dziko lapansi. Panthawi ya chilala kapena chisanu, amayikidwa mozama pafupifupi masentimita 30. M'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira, amakumba mpaka 70-75 cm.
Mphutsi zing'onozing'ono zimadya mizu yaying'ono kapena zinyalala za zomera zowola. The larval siteji kumatenga zaka 2. Kwa pupation, mphutsi zimafuna pogona oval. Amapanga mozama masentimita 15. Panthawiyi, amawopa kwambiri kusinthasintha kwa kuwala ndi kutentha.
Mkati mwa masiku 21, mbira zimakhwima. Achinyamata okhala ndi elytra yofewa komanso chivundikiro chofewa. Masiku oyambirira amakhala m'nthaka kuti akhale olimba. Kenako amatuluka pansi.
Habitat
Kuzka kufesa.
Habitat - Asia ndi Europe. Anthu ambiri angapezeke kum'mwera kwa Russian Federation, Western Europe, Hungary, Italy, Siberia, Asia Minor, ndi Balkan Peninsula.
M'mayiko CIS chiwerengero chachikulu chadziwika m'madera monga Yekaterinoslav, Podolsk, Kherson, Kharkov.
Posachedwapa, kachilomboka wa Kuzka adagonjetsa madera a kumpoto - Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Vladimir, Saratov, Kazan.
Kuzka beetle zakudya
Zakudya za akuluakulu imakhala ndi balere, rye, tirigu, mbewu zakuthengo. Akuluakulu kafadala ndi mphutsi zimadya chimanga. Munthu m'modzi amatha kuwononga ma spikelets 9 mpaka 11. Izi ndi za 175-180 mbewu. Zikumbu osati kudya njere, komanso kugwetsa iwo pa spikelets.
Mphutsi wochuluka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa mbewu monga chimanga, amadya mizu:
- beets;
- fodya;
- kaloti;
- chimanga;
- mbatata;
- mpendadzuwa.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo
Kupewa maonekedwe a kachilomboka
Zinthu zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbewu musanabzale. Koma izi sizimapereka zotsatira za 100%. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthaka sikungatheke. Pokhapokha ndi chithandizo cha kulima nthawi zonse kwa nthaka mazira omwe ali ndi mphutsi amatha kuchotsedwa. Polimbana ndi kachilomboka kuzka inu muyenera:
- kulima pakati pa mizere;
- kukolola mwamsanga;
- perekani mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
- kulima msanga.
Pomaliza
Kachikumbu wa Kuzka ndi woopsa ngati kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata. Ndi mdani woopsa kwambiri wa mbewu za chimanga. Tizilombo tikawoneka, ndikofunikira kupitiliza kuteteza mbewu.
Poyamba