Bombardier Beetles: Aluso Artillerymen
Nsikidzi za Bombardier zimadziwika chifukwa cha luso lawo lankhondo - zimawombera adani, osati kuwathawa. Makhalidwe amenewa amawathandiza kudziteteza kwa adani. Asayansi akhala akuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali njira yachilendo yowombera tizilombo.
Zamkatimu
Kodi kachikumbu wa scorer amawoneka bwanji: chithunzi
Kufotokozera za kachilomboka
dzina: Bombardier
Zaka.: BrachinusMaphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
Banja: Zikumbu zapansi - Carabidae
 | Malo okhala: | minda, zigwa ndi mapiri |
 | Zowopsa kwa: | tizilombo tating'ono |
 | Njira zowonongera: | otetezeka, osavulaza anthu |
Bombardier si kachilomboka kamodzi kokha, koma mamembala a banja lachikumbu. Si anthu onse omwe adaphunziridwapo, banja laling'ono la Paussin silidziwika kwa anthu ndipo ndi nkhani yochititsa chidwi.
Kukula kwa kachilomboka kumasiyana kuchokera 5 mpaka 15 mm. Thupi lili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Mtundu ndi wakuda. Pali chitsulo chonyezimira. Mwapang'ono thupilo limapakidwa utoto wofiirira.
Wogoletsa Beetle akuukira.
Pamapeto pa mutu pali mandibles ooneka ngati chikwakwa omwe amawagwira ndikung'amba nyama zawo. Maso akulu akulu amapangidwa kuti azikhala moyo wachisoni. Pali supraorbital setae pa maso. Ma whisks ndi mapazi ali ofiira kwambiri. Mitundu yothamanga miyendo.
Elytra ikhoza kukhala ya buluu, yobiriwira kapena yakuda yokhala ndi ma longitudinal osaya. Zikumbu zimagwiritsa ntchito miyendo kuposa mapiko. Amuna ndi akazi ndi ofanana. Miyendo ya amuna imakhala ndi zigawo zowonjezera.
Malo okhala ndi kugawa
Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa kachikumbu ndi kachikumbu. Habitat - Europe ndi Asia. Amakonda malo owuma athyathyathya komanso nthaka yonyowa pang'ono.
M'chigawo cha Russian Federation, amapezeka kulikonse, kuchokera kudera la Siberia mpaka ku Nyanja ya Baikal. Koma m’mapiri muli anthu, osati m’malo athyathyathya okha.
Mayendedwe amoyo
Mabomba amangogwira ntchito usiku. Masana amabisala m’misasa. Ndi achinyamata okha omwe amawuluka, omwe amafunikira kudziwa gawolo. M'nyengo yozizira, amapita ku diapause, pamene njira zonse za kagayidwe kachakudya zimachepetsa ndipo pafupifupi zimasiya.
Kutaya mtima komweko kungathenso kuchitika mu scorer beetle m'nyengo yotentha panthawi ya chilala.
Pambuyo pa sabata, mphutsiyo imakhala ngati mbozi. Nthawi ya pupation imatha masiku 10. Nthawi yonse ya chitukuko ndi masiku 24. Zikumbu zomwe zimakhala m'madera ozizira zimatha kubereka ana osaposa m'modzi pachaka. Ogoletsa m'madera otentha amatulutsa mwana wachiwiri m'dzinja. Mzunguliro wa moyo wa akazi ndi munthu pazipita chaka, ndi amuna - pafupifupi 3 zaka.
Scorer kachilomboka zakudya
Tizilomboti ndi tizilombo todya nyama. Mphutsizi zimawononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo timadya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Akuluakulu amatolera zinyalala za chakudya. Amatha kuwononga achibale ang'onoang'ono.
Kuteteza kachilomboka kwa adani
Njira yachitetezo ndi yoyambirira kwambiri. Adani akamayandikira, tizilomboto timapopera mpweya wosakaniza, wotentha, wonunkhiza wonyansa.
Pamimba pamimba amakhala ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa awiri - chipangizo chowombera chophatikizidwa. Mankhwalawa ali m'matumbo. Gulu lililonse lili ndi zigawo ziwiri. Chimodzi mwa zipindazi chimakhala ngati nkhokwe yosungiramo ma hydroquinones ndi hydrogen peroxide, ndipo chachiwiri ngati chipinda chochitiramo ma catalases ndi peroxidases.
Adani akawonekera, hydroquinone ndi hydrogen peroxide amafinyidwa mu gland yachiwiri. Hydrogen peroxide imatulutsa mpweya. Kupanikizika m'chipindacho kumakwera, ndipo kutentha kumafika madigiri 100. Chikumbu chimatha kuwombera pamalo aliwonse.
Madontho osakaniza akhoza kukhala aang'ono ndi aakulu. Tizilomboti timatha kuwongolera izi. Madontho akuluakulu amapangidwa kuti azitalikirana, ndipo madontho ang'onoang'ono amapangidwira maulendo aatali.
Kuchuluka kwa kuwombera kumafika 20. Kuwombera kwatsopano n'kotheka pambuyo popuma osachepera mphindi 30. Kuwombera kotentha ndi koopsa kumapha kapena kuthamangitsa adani.
Mankhwalawa sali owopsa kwa kachilomboka ka bombardier, chifukwa kuphulika sikuchitika m'thupi. Ndipo ili ndi phunziro lina lophunzira. Kodi mwaluso bwanji anachita ndi mlingo wa zosakaniza ndi masamu, kuti kuphulika kumachitika m'njira kuti kachilomboka sikuvulazidwa.
Zosangalatsa za scorer kafadala
Mfundo zina za tizilombo:
- kuwombera limagwirira ndi zochita mankhwala ndi maziko a luso zida kapangidwe. Asayansi akuyambitsanso injini za jet mofananamo;
- mosayembekezereka, chule amatha kumeza wogoletsa. Kuwombera kumachitika mkati mwa chule. Nthawi yomweyo analavula chikumbu chamoyo.
Pomaliza
Mbalamezi ndi zolengedwa zapadera za chilengedwe. Iwo savulaza anthu. Podya tizirombo, timapindula m'minda ndi m'minda. Ndipo njira yawo yodzitetezera ku tizirombo ndi nkhani yophunzira komanso chidwi cha asayansi.
Poyamba