Typographer Beetle: khungwa kachilomboka kamene kamawononga mahekitala a nkhalango za spruce
Kachikumbu ka typographer ndi imodzi mwa tizilombo towopsa kwambiri m'banja lake. Imakhala m'madera ambiri a Eurasia ndipo imakhudza nkhalango za spruce. Chifukwa cha zakudya zake komanso kubereka, imasankha mitengo yapakati komanso yayikulu.
Zamkatimu
Wolemba kachikumbu wa Makungwa: chithunzi
Kufotokozera za kachilomboka
dzina: Typographer khungwa kachilomboka kapena lalikulu spruce khungwa kachilomboka
Zaka.: Ips typographusMaphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
Banja: Weevils - Curculioidae
 | Malo okhala: | nkhalango za spruce |
 | Zowopsa kwa: | matera achichepere ndi ofooka |
 | Njira zowonongera: | ukadaulo waulimi, nyambo, kudula mwaukhondo |
Kachikumbu wamkulu wa spruce bark ndi kachikumbu konyezimira, thupi lake ndi 4,2-5,5 mm utali, wokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Pamphumi pali tubercle yayikulu, kumapeto kwa thupi pali malo opumira otchedwa wheelbarrow, m'mphepete mwake muli mano anayi.
Kufalitsa
Ku Western Europe, ndizofala ku France, Sweden, Finland, zimapezekanso kumpoto kwa Italy, Yugoslavia. Ndi kuberekana kwakukulu, kumayambitsa kuvulaza kwakukulu kwa nkhalango za spruce, makamaka zomwe zimafooketsedwa ndi chilala kapena mphepo yamkuntho. The typographer amakhala ku Russia:
- m'chigawo cha ku Ulaya cha dziko;
- Siberia;
- ku Far East;
- Sakhalin;
- Caucasus;
- Kamchatka.
Kubalana
Kuthawa kwa masika kumayamba mu Epulo, pamene kutentha kwa nthaka kumafika madigiri +10, m'chilimwe kuthawa kwa kafadala kumachitika mu June-Julayi, ndipo kumpoto - mu August-September.
Yaimuna imasankha mtengo, kuluma makungwa ndi kumanga chipinda chokwereramo mmene imakokera yaikazi mwa kutulutsa ma pheromones. Mayi wonyezimira amamanga njira za chiberekero 2-3, momwe zimayikira mazira ake. Mphutsi zomwe zikutuluka zimapanga ndime zofananira ndi nsonga ya mtengo, kumapeto kwake pali zotchingira
Azimayi kumadera akummwera, patatha milungu itatu kuthawa kwakukulu, amaikiranso mazira, ndipo mbadwo wa alongo ukuwonekera kuchokera kwa iwo. Kumadera a kumpoto, mtundu uwu wa khungwa kachilomboka uli ndi mbadwo umodzi wokha pachaka. Koma ziwerengerozi zingasiyane malinga ndi kulamulira kwa kutentha.
Tizikumbu tating'ono timadya bast ndikuchita zina kuti tituluke. Kutha msinkhu kumatenga masabata 2-3, ndipo zimatengera kutentha kwa boma. Kukula kwa khungwa kachilomboka ndi masabata 8-10, ndipo mibadwo iwiri ya kafadala imawonekera pachaka. kafadala wachiwiri m'badwo overwinter mu khungwa.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo
Typographer ndi moyo wake.
Khungwa la typograph limawononga kwambiri nkhalango za spruce, kotero pali njira zothana ndi tizirombozi.
- M'minda ya nkhalango, kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kwa mitengo yodwala ndi makungwa owonongeka kumachitika.
- Kuyang'anira ndi kuchiza mitengo yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi khungwa kachilomboka.
- Kuyala nyambo ku mitengo mwatsopano odulidwa, amene anayala m'dzinja m'nkhalango. Makungwa kafadala amakhala m'mitengo iyi, ndipo pambuyo pa kuwoneka kwa mphutsi, khungwa limatsukidwa, ndipo gulu la mphutsi limafa.
Pankhani ya zotupa zambiri za khungwa kachilomboka, mosalekeza ukhondo cuttings ikuchitika, kenako ndi kubwezeretsa.
Pomaliza
Kachikumbu ka typographer amawononga kwambiri nkhalango za spruce. M'dera la mayiko ambiri, njira zothana ndi mtundu uwu wa khungwa beetle. Ndipo mfundo yakuti nkhalango za spruce zilipo padziko lonse lapansi imati njira zothanirana nazo zikupereka zotsatira.
https://youtu.be/CeFCXKISuDQ
Poyamba