Chikumbu chamadzi: wosasambira bwino, woyendetsa bwino kwambiri
Mitsinje ndi malo osungiramo madzi ali ndi zomera ndi zinyama zawo. Kusiyanasiyana kwake kumadalira ulamuliro wa kutentha kwa dera komanso chilengedwe cha m'madzi. Mmodzi mwa anthu achilendo angatchedwe wokonda madzi - kachilomboka kamakhala m'madzi.
Zamkatimu
Chikumbu chamadzi: chithunzi
Kufotokozera okonda madzi
dzina: okonda madzi
Zaka.:HydrophilidaeMaphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
 | Malo okhala: | nkhalango ndi miyala pafupi ndi maiwe |
 | Zowopsa kwa: | nsomba zazing'ono ndi nkhono |
 | Njira zowonongera: | osafunikira |
Zikumbu zimakhala ndi mutu waukulu wokhala ndi maso akulu ndi ndevu zosunthika. Mapangidwe a oimira onse amtunduwu ndi ofanana, ndipo kukula kwake ndi mithunzi kumasiyana malinga ndi mitundu.
Habitat
Chikumbu chachikulu chamadzi.
Europe, Southern Urals, Western Siberia ndi malo ang'onoang'ono okonda madzi. Wokonda madzi wamkulu amakhala ku Europe, Mediterranean, Caucasus, Central ndi Central Asia, Southern Siberia, dera la Black Sea, China, ndi India. Kupatulapo zamoyo zonse ndi Far North.
Mitundu yonse iwiri imakonda mathithi ang'onoang'ono, osaya osasunthika amadzi okhala ndi zomera zam'madzi ndi pansi pamatope. Pali mitundu ya okonda madzi omwe amakhala mu zotsalira za zomera zowola kapena manyowa.
Mayendedwe amoyo
Kukwerana kwa kafadala kumayambira kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Azimayi amasankha tsamba kuchokera ku chomera cha m'madzi kuti aluke chikwa. Amuna nthawi zina amachita nawo ntchitoyi.
Chikoko chili ndi mawonekedwe osalala ngati thumba. Chiwerengero cha zikwa sichingapitirire 3. Zimatenga maola 5 kuluka chikwa chimodzi pa avareji. Panthawi imeneyi, kachilomboka sikadya kalikonse. Clutch ndi mazira 50.
Pakatha masiku 14, mphutsi zimaswa. Mphutsi zokhala ndi nthenga za nthenga m’mbali ndi mbedza ziwiri za nyanga m’chigawo chapakati cha mimba. Ndiwonenepa komanso opanikiza, ali ndi miyendo yaifupi.
Mpaka molt woyamba, iwo akupitirizabe kukhala cocoons. Kupanga, larva ali 2 molts. Mphutsi ndi zoyera. Maonekedwe a thupi ndi ooneka ngati koni komanso wandiweyani. Kukula kwa thupi kuchokera 6 mpaka 9 mm.
Mphutsi wachikulire amatuluka m’madzi n’kubowola pa nthaka yonyowayo. Kenako pakubwera ndondomeko ya kubereka. Patapita milungu ingapo, ana ang'onoang'ono amawonekera ndikusunthiranso kumalo osungirako madzi.
Zakudya za Aquarius
Mphutsi ya chikumbu chamadzi.
The zakudya yaing'ono madzi okonda tichipeza amakhala kapena odwala m'madzi nyama. Munthu wamkulu wokonda madzi amadya algae wonyezimira, mbali zofewa za zomera za m’madzi, ndi mabwinja a nyama zakufa. Sadzakana nkhono zochedwa kapena mphutsi.
Mphutsi zolusa zimadya anthu ang'onoang'ono okhala m'madzi - mwachangu ndi tadpoles. Nthawi zambiri amadya achibale, chifukwa sakhala tizilombo tamtendere.
Moyo
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ngakhale dzina lawo lachilendo, kachilomboka kameneka kalibe luso lapadera loyenda pansi pa madzi.
Wokonda madzi ndi wamkulu.
Zikumbu zimasambira pang'onopang'ono mothandizidwa ndi miyendo yapakati ndi yakumbuyo. Kukula kumawalepheretsa kusambira bwino, amasuntha miyendo yawo mwachisawawa. Nthawi zambiri amakwawa pa zomera za m'madzi, miyala, algae, amakonda kukhala padzuwa.
Kuyandama, mutu uli pamwamba. Pankhaniyi, masharubu amakumana ndi madzi. Aquarius amapuma mothandizidwa ndi thoracic spiracles. Iwo ali pakati pa mesothorax ndi prothorax. Mu mphutsi, ma spiracles amapezeka kumapeto kwa mimba. Mphutsi zimakhala m'madzi nthawi zonse. Amakonda kusaka mobisalira.
Usiku, oimira akuluakulu amatuluka m'madzi ndikuwuluka. Amatha kupeza liwiro lalikulu pakuthawa. Zimauluka bwino kwambiri kuposa kusambira.
adani achilengedwe
Tizilombo, mbalame ndi nyama zolusa zimasakanso chikumbu. Wokonda kwambiri madzi wonenepa amadyedwa ndi zokwawa, nsomba ndi amphibians. Koma ali ndi chitetezo chabwino - amaponya gruel ndi fungo lonyansa. Njira ina ndiyo kukwapula ndi mapiko akumapiko pamimba.
Achule am'madzi ndi m'mimba
Chitsanzo chodabwitsa cha kufuna kukhala ndi moyo, kuchenjera ndi kuchenjera ndi njira yomwe kachilombo kamadzimadzi kamadutsa m'matumbo a m'mimba ikadyedwa ndi chule. Chifukwa cha nkhokwe zake za okosijeni pansi pa mapiko, sizimafa nthawi yomweyo, koma zimadutsa m'madera ambiri a m'mimba.
Amasuntha miyendo yawo mwachangu, kotero alibe nthawi yovutikira ndi madzi a caustic chapamimba. Ndipo nkhondo yamphamvu kwambiri mu gawo lotsiriza. Zikumbu zimalimbikitsa cloaca mwamphamvu momwe zingathere, motero kuchititsa chule kufuna kubwezeretsa zotsalirazo kupyolera mu ndimeyi. Ndipo kachikumbu kochenjera kokonda madzi kamakhalabe kotetezeka.
Mitundu yamadzi am'madzi
Banja la okonda madzi ndi lalikulu, ndi mitundu yoposa 4000. Pali pafupifupi 110 m'gawo la Russia.
Pomaliza
Zikumbu zamadzi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazakudya. Mphutsi zazikulu zokha zomwe zimadya zokazinga zambiri ndizowopsa. Kwa usodzi, izi zimakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu.
Poyamba