Zochita pakulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa: kufufuza ndi kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chithandizo choyamba
Atangofika masiku otentha pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, ndikufuna kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri yaulere m'chilengedwe. Koma pali nkhawa za momwe mungadzitetezere ku kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, kapena nkhupakupa. Ndipo choti muchite ngati mwadzidzidzi munagwira nkhupakupa. Momwe mungaperekere chithandizo choyamba, komanso ngati mukufunikira kumwa mapiritsi mutalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa.
Zamkatimu
Komwe nkhupakupa zimapezeka
Nkhupakupa za Ixodid zimakonda kwambiri kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa April mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa June ndipo zimapezeka m’nkhalango zodzala ndi udzu wokhuthala ndi waufupi. Koma mukhoza kukumana nawo popanda kupita kulikonse. Amakhala kulikonse kumene kuli kukula kwakukulu, m'midzi, makamaka kunja.. Choncho, mutabwerera kuchokera koyenda, muyenera kufufuza mosamala zovala zanu, kuzigwedeza popanda kuzibweretsa m'chipindamo. Nkhupakupa zimamatiranso ku ziweto, kotero kuti zikabwerera pambuyo poyenda zimafunikanso kuziwunika.
Kodi nkhupakupa imawoneka bwanji
Kodi nkhupakupa zimaluma kuti?
Kukwera pa munthu, iye akuyang'ana malo oti amamatire.
Nkhupakupa nthawi zambiri zimafika kumadera omwe ali ndi khungu lolimba. Ichi ndi inguinal dera, khosi, kumbuyo, khungu kumbuyo makutu, mkhwapa, miyendo.
Kapangidwe ka malovu a nkhupakupa kumaphatikizapo mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi, ndipo monga lamulo, kupweteka sikumveka pamene walumidwa. Koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda oopsa timalowa m’magazi a munthu ndi malovu.
Chongani ngozi kuluma
Si nkhupakupa zonse za ixodid zomwe zimanyamula matenda oopsa. Koma ngati matenda opatsirana amadziwika m'derali, pambuyo pa kuluma kwa nkhupakupa, ndiye mwamsanga mutangochotsa nkhupakupa ndi kupereka chithandizo choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana bala. Ngati redness ndi kutupa kumakhalabe kuzungulira bala kwa masiku 2-3, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
Thandizo loyamba la kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
Zoyenera kuchita ngati nkhupakupa ipezeka pathupi. Ndikofunikira kutsatira njira ina yoluma nkhupakupa:
- kuzindikira ndi kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- chithandizo cha chilonda;
- pmp kuluma nkhupakupa.
Pambuyo pochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, iyenera kutengedwa kukayezetsa ma labotale ndikufunsana ndi dokotala.
Momwe mungapezere nkhupakupa pathupi
Panthawi ya nkhupakupa, kubwerera pambuyo poyenda, muyenera kuyang'ana zovala zanu kuti mukhale ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi bwino kuvula zovala zanu zakunja mumsewu ndikuzigwedeza. Yang'anani zopindika zonse ndi matumba, popeza nkhupakupa imatha kufika pamenepo. Pathupi la munthu, chimamatirira kumadera omwe ali ndi khungu lolimba. Ngati mutapeza nkhupakupa, muyenera kuyesa kuchotsa molondola.
Momwe mungachotsere nkhupakupa pakhungu la munthu
Nkhupakupa yoyamwa imatha kuchotsedwa nokha kapena kukaonana ndichipatala. Ngati mutachotsa nkhupakupa nokha, ndiye kuti muyenera kunyowetsa thonje swab ndi ammonia kapena cologne, kuika pamwamba pake kwa masekondi angapo, ndiyeno mukhoza kuchotsa.
Nkhupakupa kunyumba zimatha kutulutsidwa m'njira zitatu:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito ma tweezers: gwirani nkhupakupa pafupi ndi thupi momwe mungathere komanso mokhotakhota, tulutsani pang'onopang'ono.
- Mothandizidwa ndi ulusi: mangani ulusi kuzungulira mutu wa nkhupakupa, kupukuta malekezero a ulusi, kugwedezeka kumbali, pang'onopang'ono, popanda kusuntha mwadzidzidzi, kutulutsa.
- Mutha kutulutsa tiziromboti ndi singano ya calcined kapena wosabala, ngati splinter.
Pali zida zapadera zochotsera nkhupakupa, iyi ndi pincer ndi chogwirira cha lasso.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kutulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, osakoka, ndi kukanikiza pamimba kuti zomwe zili mu nkhupakupa zisalowe pabala, chifukwa zimatha kutenga kachilomboka. Chitani chilonda mutachotsa nkhupakupa.
Ngati mutu wa nkhupakupa ukhalabe pakhungu, ndiye kuti malo ozungulira ndi ayodini ndi kuchotsa ndi singano wosabala, ngati splinter. Koma ngakhale simungathe kuchotsa kwathunthu, ichi si chifukwa cha mantha, patatha masiku angapo khungu lidzakana.
Mukachotsa nkhupakupa, sambani chilondacho ndi sopo ndi madzi ndikuchiza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Ngati walumidwa ndi nkhupakupa, muyenera kudziwa dokotala yemwe mungakumane naye kuti mupeze thandizo loyamba. Pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa, mkati mwa masiku 1-2, katswiri wa matenda opatsirana amalemba zadzidzidzi zodzitetezera ku encephalitis, borreliosis ndi matenda a anthrax, komanso mayesero a labotale akupezeka kwa matenda.
Kuchipatala, immunoglobulin motsutsana ndi nkhupakupa zobala encephalitis zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera mwadzidzidzi, koma nkhupakupa zimanyamulanso matenda ena owopsa, kotero dokotala adzapereka mankhwala oletsa maantibayotiki. Ndikofunikira makamaka ngati mayi wapakati alumidwa ndi nkhupakupa, muyenera kudziwa zoyenera kuchita komanso momwe mungaperekere chithandizo choyamba panthawi yake.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri, muyenera kupita kuchipatala. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zidzakhala ngati mumwa mankhwalawa mutatha maola 72 mutaluma. Dokotala adzapereka mapiritsi oluma nkhupakupa. Kwa ana, chithandizo cha Amoxiclav chikulimbikitsidwa, komanso kwa anthu opitilira zaka 8, chithandizo cha masiku 5 ndi Unidox kapena Solutab. Komanso, pofuna kupewa Lyme borreliosis, doxycycline imayikidwa 0,1 g kamodzi. Koma amayi apakati ndi ana osakwana zaka 8, kutenga doxycycline ndi contraindicated.
Dokotala amalangiza jakisoni wa immunoglobulin, koma ngati kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa sikutheka, ndiye kuti mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake: Anaferon, Yodantipyrin, kapena Remantadin.
Mavuto akalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
Ikalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa za ixodid, pamakhala ngozi yotenga matenda pafupifupi 20, ndipo 9 mwa iwo ndi oopsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Pambuyo pa kuluma kwa nkhupakupa, zizindikiro zoyamba zimawonekera pambuyo pa masiku 2-7, ndi kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwa mutu ndi minofu, nseru, kusanza, ndi kusokonezeka kwa tulo. Koma ngati munyalanyaza zizindikiro zotere, ndiye kuti matendawa amatha kukhala aakulu ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kulimbana nazo.
M’malo ovuta kwambiri, wodwalayo akayamba kuwonongeka muubongo, zingachititse kulumala ngakhale imfa.
Momwe mungadzitetezere ku nkhupakupa
Popeza sizingatheke kumva nkhupakupa pa thupi, ndi bwino kudziteteza ku kulumidwa ndi zovala ndi zoteteza mankhwala.
- Zovala zokhala panja panthawi ya nkhupakupa ziyenera kusankhidwa mumitundu yowala, tiziromboti timawoneka bwino pamenepo. Kuti atetezedwe, amatha kuthandizidwanso ndi mankhwala oletsa acaricidal. Valani thalauza mu masokosi, valani malaya mu thalauza, mangani ma cuf, valani chipewa.
- Pali mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu, adzakhala ngati njira yowonjezera yotetezera.
- Katemera wolimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis ndi njira yodalirika yodzitetezera.
- Ndipo ngati zidapezeka kuti adagwira nkhupakupa, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziwa momwe mungathandizire 1 kuluma kwa nkhupakupa.