Malo ofiira pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa kuyabwa ndi kuyabwa: chizindikiro chowopsa kwambiri pa moyo ndi thanzi la munthu
Nkhupakupa ndi zonyamula ma virus oopsa omwe angayambitse matenda oopsa. Koma ngakhale tizilombo tating'onoting'ono sitinatenge kachilomboka, kukumana nako kungayambitse zotsatira zosasangalatsa. Anthu ambiri amadana ndi nkhupakupa.
Zamkatimu
- Kodi nkhupakupa imawoneka bwanji
- Maonekedwe a nkhupakupa
- Ndi koopsa chotani nanga kuluma nkhupakupa
- Malo oluma nkhupakupa ndi owaya komanso ofiira
- Chotupa pamalo pomwe nkhupakupa zimaluma
- Malangizo azomwe mungachite pambuyo polumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
- Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa ngati walumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
Kodi nkhupakupa imawoneka bwanji
Anthu amene amayendera nkhalango m’nyengo yofunda ayenera kudziwa mmene tizilomboti timaonekera panja kuti tisiyanitse ndi ena ndi kuchitapo kanthu panthaŵi yake.
Nkhupakupa za Ixodes ndizowopsa kwa anthu - zimanyamula matenda oopsa.
Subspecies iyi ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 200. Oimira ake onse amafanana ndi maonekedwe: thupi lathyathyathya, ovoid, mutu wawung'ono, 8 paws. Nkhupakupa yodzaza ndi magazi imawonjezeka kukula.
Maonekedwe a nkhupakupa
Kunja, kuluma sikusiyana ndi kuluma kwa tizilombo tina. Malo oyamwa sakhala opweteka, popeza tizilombo timabaya mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi pa nthawi yolowera, kufiira kozungulira kumawonekera mozungulira.
Ndi koopsa chotani nanga kuluma nkhupakupa
Pambuyo polowa, tizilomboti timadziphatika ndikuyamba kumwa magazi a wovulalayo. Panthawi imeneyi, matenda amalowa m'thupi lake. Matenda oyambitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa ndi awa:
- encephalitis yopangidwa ndi nkhupakupa;
- Omsk hemorrhagic fever;
- Crimea hemorrhagic fever;
- malungo amawanga;
- erlichiosis;
- tularemia.
Malo oluma nkhupakupa ndi owaya komanso ofiira
Maonekedwe a zochita kulumidwa zimadalira zinthu zingapo: munthu makhalidwe a chamoyo, pamaso pa thupi lawo siligwirizana mu mbiri.
Chotupa pamalo pomwe nkhupakupa zimaluma
Mphuno yaying'ono (papule) pamalo olumidwa ndizochitika zachilendo ngati itayika mkati mwa masiku 1-2. Kulimbikira kwa chisindikizo kungasonyeze matenda opatsirana ndi matenda opatsirana kapena zotsatira zina zoopsa.
| Chifukwa chiyani ziphuphu zimawonekera | Zifukwa zingakhale zosiyana: mwachitsanzo, matenda a matenda a Lyme kapena nkhupakupa amawonetsedwa motere. Nkhupakupa yochotsedwa iyenera kutumizidwa nthawi yomweyo ku labotale kuti ifufuzidwe kuti wolumidwayo alandire chithandizo chofunikira munthawi yake. |
| Ngati Mafunso Chongani sanali opatsirana, zimayambitsa zisindikizo | Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kupangidwa kwa chisindikizo sikumawonetsa nthawi zonse kudwala ma virus. Zifukwa zingakhale zabwino kwambiri. |
| Pambuyo pa nkhupakupa, chotupa chimatsalira: kusamvana | Chotupa chomwe chili pamalo pomwe walumidwa ndi tiziromboti chikhoza kukhala chosagwirizana ndi thupi. Nkhupakupa imapyoza pakhungu la wophedwayo, kubaya malovu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, sikoyenera kuti malovu ali ndi kachilombo, ngakhale mu mawonekedwe osabala, angayambitse chifuwa. |
| Kukhuthala pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa: kuyankha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi (nthata imakhala pansi pakhungu) | Kuonjezera apo, papule ikhoza kupanga ngati magazi sanachotsedwe bwino ndipo mutu wake umakhala pansi pa khungu. Izi ndichifukwa cha machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi, omwe amakana mapuloteni achilendo. Zikatero, maonekedwe kutupa ndi mafinya si kuchotsedwa. |
| Kuphulika pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa: Kudwala pabala lotseguka | Matenda achiwiri a chilonda amatha kuchitika. Tizilomboti timaphwanya khungu, chilondacho chimakhala khomo lolowera mabakiteriya. Ngati matenda alowa m'thupi, kutupa kumachitika, mawonekedwe a suppuration samachotsedwa. Zikatero, simungathe kuchita popanda thandizo lachipatala. |
Malangizo azomwe mungachite pambuyo polumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'thupi, m'pofunika kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. Izi zidzapewa zotsatira zoyipa za thanzi.
Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa ngati walumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
Makulitsidwe nthawi ya matenda ena akhoza kukhala kwa masiku 25, choncho panthawi imeneyi m`pofunika mosamala kuyan`ana mkhalidwe wa wovulalayo wa tiziromboti.
Encephalitis
Pafupifupi, matendawa amawonekera mkati mwa masabata 1-2, koma nthawi yoyamwitsa ndi masiku 25. Zizindikiro za matenda a encephalitis opangidwa ndi nkhupakupa ndi awa:
- kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi mpaka madigiri 40;
- mutu makamaka mu akachisi ndi frontal dera;
- thukuta, kupweteka kwa minofu ndi mafupa;
- dzanzi m'malekezero, kugwedezeka, kutaya chidziwitso.
Matenda a Lyme
Borreliosis (matenda a Lyme) ali ndi magawo atatu, omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zina. Gawo loyamba ndi erythema migrans: patatha masiku 3-3 mutaluma, erythema (kufiira) imawonekera pathupi.
Mosiyana ndi matupi awo sagwirizana, erythema sichepa pakapita nthawi, koma imangowonjezeka.
Nthawi zambiri, imakhala yotumbululuka pakati komanso yowala m'mphepete, koma nthawi zina imakhalabe yofiira yofiira. Gawo lachiwiri la matenda ndi oyambirira zowombetsa mkota mawonekedwe. Amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kuphwanya dongosolo lamanjenje: ziwalo za nkhope minyewa, meningitis;
- kuphwanya mtima ntchito: kuphwanya conduction a mtima, laimu carditis;
- matenda a maso: conjunctivitis, keratitis;
- lymphocytoma;
- angapo kusamuka erythema.
Zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizodziwika pa gawo lachitatu (mochedwa) la matenda a Lyme:
- zovuta kwambiri mu ntchito ya mantha dongosolo;
- matenda a khungu;
- nyamakazi yamagulu akuluakulu.
Panopa, gawo lachitatu la borreliosis ndi chinthu chosowa. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka mosavuta ndipo odwala amalandira chithandizo chanthawi yake.
Monocytic ehrlichiosis
Kuzindikira panthawi yake ehrlichiosis sikutheka nthawi zonse. Zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa ndizosadziwika, nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa chifukwa cha chimfine.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za monocytic ehrlichiosis:
- kutopa, kutopa;
- kuzizira, kutentha thupi;
- kupweteka kwa mutu, minofu ndi mafupa;
- kupuma movutikira;
- matenda a m'mimba dongosolo, kusowa chilakolako;
- kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes;
- zotupa pakhungu.
Ngati palibe chithandizo, zizindikiro zowopsa kwambiri zimawonedwa: kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka kwa kulumikizana, kukomoka, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ehrlichiosis, kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti m'magazi kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse magazi ambiri.
Poyamba