Whiteflies: zithunzi 12 za tizilombo ndi njira zochotsera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono

Kodi ntchentche imawoneka bwanji (chithunzi)

Kufotokozera za tizilombo

dzina: ntchentche zoyera
Zaka.: Aleyrodidae

Maphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Hemiptera - Hemiptera
Banja: ntchentche zoyera

	Malo okhala:	pa malo onse, kuphatikizapo malo otsekedwa
	Zowopsa kwa:	masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso
	Njira zowonongera:	mankhwala, wowerengeka njira

Whiteflies ndi gulu la tizilombo tating'onoting'ono touluka tomwe timaphatikizapo mitundu yopitilira 1500. Dzina la sayansi la whiteflies, aleurodids, limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek "aleuron", lomwe limatanthauza "ufa".

Kuwonekera kwa whitefly

Ntchentche ikupuma.

Whiteflies ndi gulu la tizilombo totchedwa homoptera. Amakhala ndi mapiko awiri ophimbidwa ndi zokutira zoyera. Pamwamba pakhoza kukhala zitsanzo mu mawonekedwe a mawanga akuda. Akapumula, ntchentche zoyera zimapinda mapiko awo mopingasa m’thupi.

Thupi la tizilombo si upambana 2-3 mm m'litali ndi 0,3-0,7 mm m'lifupi. Mtundu wake, malingana ndi mitundu, ukhoza kukhala woyera kapena wofiira-wachikasu ndi madontho akuda.

Zambiri Zofalitsa

Mmodzi wachikulire wamkazi, pamikhalidwe yabwino, amatha kuikira mazira mazana atatu. Nyengo yoswana ya tizilombo imayamba ndi kubwera kwa nyengo yofunda. M'chaka, mibadwo ya whiteflies imatha kufika pa 3.

Kakulidwe ka tizirombo sikukwanira ndipo zikuphatikiza njira zotsatirazi:

• dzira;
• mphutsi zoyenda za m'badwo woyamba, wokhala ndi miyendo 6 ndi tinyanga;
• mphutsi zosasunthika za II ndi III instars ndi miyendo atrophied ndi tinyanga;
• IV instar mphutsi kapena pseudopupae;
• imago kapena wamkulu.

Moyo ndi zakudya

Akuluakulu a whiteflies amakonda kuberekana, koma mphutsi za I-III instars zimakhala ndi chilakolako chabwino ndipo zimathera nthawi yambiri pamtunda wa zomera. Maziko a zakudya zawo ndi masamba timadziti. Tizilombozi ndizovuta kwambiri za mbewu zotsatirazi:

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya ntchentche zoyera

Pakati pa ambiri a whiteflies, ambiri Pali mitundu 5 ikuluikulu:

• wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha, omwe amawononga nkhaka, tomato ndi maluwa ena;
• citrus whitefly, yomwe imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ku zomera zamtundu womwewo;
• sitiroberi whitefly ndi tizilombo towopsa kwa sitiroberi, sitiroberi zakutchire ndi zomera zina zamtunduwu;
• kabichi whitefly amadya timadziti ta celandine, milkweed ndi zitsamba zina, komanso amatha kuwononga kwambiri kabichi;
• ntchentche yotchedwa whitefly, yomwe ndi yofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito timadziti ta zomera zosiyanasiyana kuti idyetse.

malo okhala tizilombo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya whiteflies imapezeka m'madera otsatirawa:

Tizilombozi timasankha kukhala m'madera otentha komanso amvula. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu ndi mitundu ya ntchentche zoyera zimapezeka m'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha komanso yotentha.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhazikikanso mosangalala m'zipinda momwe mikhalidwe yoyenera idapangidwa ndi munthu, mwachitsanzo:

Zizindikiro za maonekedwe a whitefly

Ntchentche zoyera ndi zazing'ono kwambiri ndipo sizosavuta kuziwona. Nthawi zambiri, amadzipatsa okha chifukwa cha maonekedwe a zizindikiro pa zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa. Zizindikiro za kukhalapo ndi zochita za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zingakhale motere:

• m'munsi mwa masamba a chomeracho amakutidwa ndi mphutsi za tizilombo tosaoneka bwino, zofanana ndi mamba;
• mawonekedwe pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za zomera za zokutira zomata kapena zomwe zimatchedwa "mame a uchi";
• kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi bowa wa mwaye;
• chikasu ndi kupindika masamba;
• kuchedwetsa kukula ndi kukula kwa zomera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe pa zomera

Nthawi zambiri, tizirombo timawononga zomera zomwe sizilandira chisamaliro choyenera kapena chitetezo chamthupi chofooka. Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zowonekera kwa whiteflies.

Whitefly Control Njira

Ntchentche zoyera zimawononga zomera zomwe zimamera panja komanso m'nyumba. Chifukwa chakuti zinthu zowononga tizilombo zingakhale zosiyana, njirazo zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi tizirombo tina, njira zonse zitha kugawidwa magulu atatu akulu:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera;
• njira zamakina zowongolera tizilombo;
• wowerengeka maphikidwe.

11 njira kupha whitefly

Pomaliza

Zing'onozing'ono za whiteflies sizingawononge zomera zambiri, koma kulimbana ndi tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko sikuyenera kuimitsidwa mpaka mtsogolo. Tizirombo ting'onoting'ono timeneti timaberekana msanga. M’miyezi yoŵerengeka chabe, chiŵerengero chawo chingachuluke kuŵirikiza mazana angapo, ndiyeno chidzakhala chowopsa ku zotuta zamtsogolo.