Pea moth (gall midge)

Nandolo (Contarinia pisi) ndi ntchentche yotalika pafupifupi 2 mm, yachikasu, yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yabulauni kumbali yakumphuno ndi tinyanga zakuda. Mphutsi ndi yoyera kapena yachikasu, mpaka 3 mm kutalika. Mphutsi zimadutsa m'nyengo yozizira mu zikwa pamwamba pa nthaka. M'chaka, pa kutentha pamwamba pa 15 digiri Celsius, pupation imapezeka, ndipo ntchentche zimatuluka kumayambiriro kwa May ndi June, panthawi yopanga maluwa a nandolo. Pambuyo pa umuna, akazi amayikira mazira ooneka ngati ndudu, otalikirana, pafupifupi owoneka bwino m'maluwa amaluwa ndi nsonga zakuwombera. Patapita masiku angapo, mphutsi zimaswa n’kuyamba kuberekana ndi kukula. Mphutsi zazikulu zimasiya malo awo odyetserako chakudya ndi kusamukira m'nthaka, kumene, zitamanga chikwa, zimawombera ndipo ntchentche zimatuluka. Akazi a m'badwo uno kuikira mazira makamaka mtola nyemba zosankhwima, kumene mphutsi za m'badwo wachiwiri kudya ndi kukula. Ntchito ikamalizidwa, mphutsi zimapita kunthaka m'nyengo yozizira. Mibadwo iwiri imayamba chaka chimodzi.

Maluwa a nandolo, nandolo, nyemba ndi nyemba zowonongeka ndi mphutsi sizimakula, zimatupa m'munsi, zimauma ndi kugwa. Nsonga za kukula zimakula, kukula kwa internodes kumalephereka, mapesi a maluwa amafupikitsidwa, ndipo maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu. Makoko a maluwa owonongeka ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso opindika. Mkati pamwamba pa makoko ndi njere ndi kudziluma kunja.

Nandolo, nandolo, nyemba, nyemba zakumunda

Ndibwino kuti tichite chithandizo cha agrotechnical, monga kufesa koyambirira (kufulumizitsa maluwa, kubzala mitundu yoyambirira ndi nyengo yayifupi yakukula komanso kudzipatula kwa mbewu za nandolo za chaka chatha. Pa nthawi yopanga masamba ndi maluwa, mankhwala othandiza komanso olimbikitsa othana ndi pharyngitis ndi Mospilan 20SP kapena Karate Zion 050CS.