Kodi kuchotsa dothi mavu m'dziko ndi malongosoledwe a tizilombo
Mavu ndi tizilombo tomwe timamanga zisa zawo pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Amakhala aukali ndipo kuluma kwawo kumakhala koopsa, makamaka kumaso, khosi kapena lilime. Mavu, omwe zisa zawo zili pansi pa nthaka, ndizoopsa kwambiri. Amateteza ndi kuteteza zisa zawo ndipo amatha kuwoneka mosayembekezereka ndikuukira.
Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera za mavu
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mavu. Mapangidwe awo ndi ofanana, koma amasiyana kukula kwake.
Akuluakulu amakula kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 10 cm. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna ndi mavu ogwira ntchito ndipo kutalika kwawo kumatha kukhala 1-2 cm.
Mutu ndi chifuwa cha tizilombo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mlatho wopyapyala kupita ku thupi, kumapita kumapeto. Mwa anthu ena, imakutidwa ndi tsitsi laling'ono kapena mwina kulibe.
Kawirikawiri, mavu amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yachikasu pa thupi lake, koma thupi likhoza kukhala lakuda kapena lofiirira ndi mikwingwirima yofiira, yalalanje ndi yoyera kapena mawanga, omwe angakhale pamiyendo ndi pamutu.
Pa thupi pali mapiko a 2 a mapiko opyapyala a membranous, omwe amaonekera, opanda mtundu kapena akuda, bulauni kapena buluu.
Pamutu pali tinyanga tambiri timene timagwira fungo ndi phokoso. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavu amasiyana mawonekedwe ndi kutalika kwa masharubu.
Miyendo ya mavu adothi imakhala ndi magawo 5, kutsogolo kuli ma bristles olimba, ofanana ndi chisa, ndi chithandizo chawo, tizilombo timakumba mabowo ndikutaya nthaka.
Ali ndi maso abwino chifukwa cha maso awo akuluakulu.
Ndipo ngakhale mavu alibe mano, koma ndi nsagwada zamphamvu amatha kuluma m'thupi la wozunzidwayo.
M'munsi mwa mimba, akazi ali ndi singano yoluma, yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi gland ndi poizoni. Amaluma nyama zawo pamene akusaka ndi kuteteza chisa chawo kwa alendo osafunika.
Moyo wamavu padziko lapansi
| Nest building | Kutentha kwa mpweya kukangokwera masika, mavu adothi amayamba kumanga zisa. Mitundu ina imasankha dothi lamchenga, ina imakonda nthaka yowirira. Sankhani malo a zisa za akazi. Mavu amatha kukhala m'miyenje ya timadontho-timadontho, makoswe, kapena makoswe ena, m'nyerere losiyidwa, m'mizu ya mitengo yowuma, kapena m'malo ena aliwonse omwe apanga m'nthaka. |
| Kugwira ntchito | Mavu amakumba pansi ndi zikhadabo zawo, akukankhira kutali ngati fosholo. Nsagwada zamphamvu zimathandizira pa ntchitoyi, ndipo mapiko amathandizira kuthyola zigawo zowirira. Kachilomboka kamapipiza mapiko ake mosalekeza, mpweya umalowa m’matumba apadera, minofu ya pachifuwa imagwirana, ndipo mpweya umakapopa kudzera m’njira zapadera kupita kunsagwada. Amagwira ntchito pafupipafupi kotero kuti ndi kukhudza pang'ono pansi, kukhumudwa kumapangidwa. |
| Kumanga zisa | Akazi amamanga zisa mobisa, amatafuna nkhuni, kusakaniza ndi malovu ndikupeza misa yofanana ndi mapepala. Chiberekero chimamanga maselo 5-10 oyambirira a zisa, ndikuyika mazira mmenemo, kumene mphutsi zimawonekera pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1,5. |
| Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka | Pofika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, koloni ili ndi anthu masauzande angapo, awa ndi mavu ogwira ntchito ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, takonzeka kubereka. Azimayi aang'ono okhawo omwe ali ndi umuna amagona hibernation, mavu ena onse amafa. |
Mitundu yokhayokha ya mavu adothi samasamala za ana awo.
Amapanga chisa chaching'ono pansi pa nthaka. Yaikazi imagwira kachirombo kakang'ono, kamene kamapuwala ndikubisala m'dzenje. Imaikira dzira pa thupi la wozunzidwayo, lomwe lidzakhala chakudya cha mphutsi. Yaikazi imatuluka n’kutseka pakhomo la dzenjelo. Pavuli paki, mavu atuwa ku mphuzi amakwera.
Mitundu ya mavu adothi
Earth mavu - kufotokoza zambiri za mitundu ingapo yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi moyo wamba komanso kumanga nyumba. Ena mwa iwo ndi mavu ndi anthu osungulumwa. Nawa ochepa mwa mitundu imeneyo yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'gawo la Russian Federation.
mavu amchenga
Mavu awa ndi kutalika kwa 2-2,5 cm, ndi tinyanga zowongoka pamutu pang'ono. Miyendo yawo ndi yayitali. Thupi ndi lakuda ndi mikwingwirima yofiyira kapena mawanga; mwa anthu ena, mikwingwirima yachikasu ndi yoyera imasinthana pamimba yakuda. Mavu onse amchenga ali ndi pronotum mu mawonekedwe a wodzigudubuza.
mavu amsewu
Mu tizilombo, thupi ndi lalitali, 1,5-4 masentimita yaitali, lakuda. Pamutu pali tinyanga zazitali zopindika. Mapiko ndi mdima wabuluu kapena wakuda kapena bulauni, ndi mawanga ofiira ndi achikasu pamimba. Mavu amsewu amangoyendayenda, kufunafuna nyama.
mavu aku Germany
Mavu awa amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a mavu wamba, koma ndi ang'onoang'ono kukula kwake, kutalika kwa thupi lawo ndi 12-15 mm. Nsonga ya mimba ya mavu aku Germany ndi yachikasu. Madera awo ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa a mavu wamba.
mavu a maluwa
Mavu ndi ang'onoang'ono, mpaka 10 mm kutalika, mimba ndi yakuda ndi yachikasu. Mbalamezi zimamanga zisa zawo pansi kuchokera ku dongo ndi mchenga wonyowa ndi malovu.
scoli
Tizilombo timakhala tokha, timakula kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 10 cm, kutengera mitundu. Thupi ndi lakuda ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu, yofiira ndi yoyera kapena madontho ndipo ndi lodzaza ndi tsitsi.
Kuwononga mavu padziko lapansi
Mavu ndi tizirombo ta m'munda.
Mavu amakhazikika mobisa, m'mabedi, m'mabedi amaluwa, pazithunzi za alpine. Maonekedwe awo angakhale osayembekezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala aukali komanso amaluma mopweteka. Kulumidwa kwawo kungayambitse ziwengo.
Tizilombo timawononga zipatso ndi zipatso za m'mundamo. Amakhamukira ku fungo la nsomba ndi nyama, maswiti ndipo amakwiyitsa kwambiri. Iwo ndi onyamula matenda osiyanasiyana, pamene amayang'ana chakudya chokoma mu zinyalala, ndikusiya zizindikiro patebulo, mbale, chakudya.
Momwe mungachotsere mavu padziko lapansi
Pali njira zingapo zolimbana: nyambo ndi misampha, njira zowerengeka, kukonzekera kwamankhwala ndi kwachilengedwe.
Nyambo
Kwa nyambo, botolo la pulasitiki limagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe gawo lapamwamba limadulidwa ndikulowetsa mozondoka, mkati mwa botolo. Mfundo yake ndi yakuti mavu amaulukira m’kati mwa fungo la nyambo imeneyi n’kufera mmenemo. Chimene chidzakhala nyambo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Ikhoza kuikidwa mu chidebe:
- madzi a m'munda;
- mowa wofufumitsa;
- kvass;
- msuzi wa zipatso;
- boric acid yankho mu madzi okoma
- chidutswa cha nsomba;
- nyama.
Njira za anthu
Njira zambiri, zoyesedwa ndi nthawi komanso zomwe anthu adakumana nazo, ndizothandiza komanso zogwira mtima.
- Kupopera mankhwala a sopo, pambuyo pa mankhwalawa zimakhala zovuta kuti aziwuluka ndi kupuma.
Zisa zimasefukira kapena kusuta.
- Miyendo imathiridwa ndi madzi otentha, ndipo tizilombo tokwawa timawonongeka. Ndikofunika kuteteza thupi ndi nkhope kuti zisalumidwe.
- zisa za mavu zitha kuwonongedwa ndi moto kapena utsi.
Kukonzekera kwapadera
Makampaniwa amapanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo tosiyanasiyana omwe amakulolani kupopera mankhwala patali ndikuchotsa tizilombo.
Njira zothandizira
Kuti mavu asawonekere pamalopo ndipo sakuvulaza, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta.
- Mavu nthawi zonse amawulukira ku fungo la chakudya, choncho ndibwino kuti musasiye maswiti, nyama yaiwisi kapena nsomba, zipatso patebulo panja.
- Tsekani zinyalala mwamphamvu ndi lids, chotsani zipatso zovunda.
- Samalani ndi kudzikundikira kwa mavu, ngati pali zambiri pamalo amodzi, ndiye kuti penapake padzakhala chisa.
Pomaliza
Mavu padziko lapansi si oyandikana nawo osangalatsa. Ndipo ngati tizilombo tawoneka patsamba, muyenera kuyesa kuzizindikira ndikuziwononga. Chifukwa ndi ankhanza kwambiri ndipo amatha kuwonekera pomwe simukuwayembekezera.
Poyamba