Spider mite pazomera zamkati: momwe mungachotsere tizirombo tamaluwa kunyumba
Olima amakumana ndi zovuta akayamba kulima maluwa. Zomera zilibe kuyatsa kokwanira kapena kuthirira, nthaka imakhala yamadzimadzi kapena, mosiyana, yowuma. Kuphatikiza apo, kangaude, yomwe yamenyedwa kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri, ndi imodzi mwamavuto akulu kwambiri. Kupatula apo, tiziromboti tating'onoting'ono timafooketsa mphamvu ya mbewuyo, chifukwa imafa m'miyezi 2-3. Komabe, izi zitha kuthetsedwa.
Zamkatimu
- Tizilombo Mbali
- Kodi nkhupakupa imapezeka pa zomera m'chipindamo
- Zizindikiro za maonekedwe a kangaude pa zomera zamkati
- Chifukwa chiyani akangaude ali owopsa kwa zomera zamkati
- Zomwe zomera zamkati zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi akangaude
- Momwe mungachotsere akangaude
- Kulimbana ndi akangaude pa zomera zamkati zamitundu yosiyanasiyana
- Zomwe zimateteza zomera ku nthata za akangaude kunyumba
- Kupewa maonekedwe a tiziromboti m'nyumba
Tizilombo Mbali
Chinthu choyamba eni ake a zomera zogwidwa ndi akangaude ayenera kukumbukira kuti cholengedwa ichi ndi nyama, osati chomera. Zomera ziphe za akangaude zilibe ntchito. Nkhupakupa imakhala m'malo otentha komanso owuma, imaswana kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse, ngati chilengedwe sichili bwino - kamodzi pamwezi.
Ngati mwiniwake akufuna kupulumutsa zomera, ndi bwino kuyang'anitsitsa masamba ndi kuwononga zomangamanga pa nthawi ya kuswa kwa nthata kuchokera mazira. Poizoni sizigwira ntchito pamene tizirombo tili m'mazira, koma timathandiza pamene mphutsi zimabadwa.
Kodi akangaude amawoneka bwanji
Kutalika kwa thupi la kangaude wamkulu ndi 1 mm, mtundu wake ndi wofiirira, wonyezimira, wobiriwira. Mite imaphatikizana mumtundu ndi masamba a zomera pomwe imamera. Kuonjezera apo, ndi yaying'ono kwambiri moti n'zosatheka kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zikuwoneka kwa anthu kuti masamba a zomerawo ali ndi ubweya wopyapyala, owazidwa ndi zinyenyeswazi zofiirira pamwamba. Umu ndi momwe nkhupakupa zimayang'ana patali, koma pafupi zikuwonekeratu kuti zamoyozi zimaphimba masamba ndi kapeti wa matupi, kumwa pang'onopang'ono madzi a duwa.
Zosiyanasiyana
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akangaude imakhala padziko lapansi, pali mitundu yoposa 1000 ya izo. Ena amakhala m’malo ouma a kontinenti, ena amakhala m’malo otentha a chinyontho. Mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyofala:
Matenda ofala kwambiri ku Russia. Kutalika kwa thupi - 1 mm, mtundu - wobiriwira ndi bulauni. Thupi la nkhupakupa limasinthasintha, zimakhala zovuta kuziwona. Amakhala pansi pa tsamba la mmera. Imaswana masabata 1-2 aliwonse, yaikazi imayikira mazira 100-200 nthawi imodzi. Chomera chimodzi chikakhala chosakwanira tizirombo, chimasinthira ku china, kulanda ndi kuwononga duwa pakatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri. Ichi ndi "mbiri" yeniyeni pakati pa mitundu ina ya akangaude.
Amakhala m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Ngati eni ake amathirira maluwa nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti amadyetsa tizirombo izi motere. Nkhupakupa za ku Atlantic zimakhala zachikasu kapena zobiriwira. Amakhazikika pa zipatso za citrus, monga mandimu ndi malalanje. Amakhalanso m’mitengo ya kanjedza ndi zomera zina zachilendo.
Simasiya ukonde kumbuyo kwake, ngati nkhupakupa wamba, chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Kukula kwa thupi kumachokera ku 0,25 mm mpaka 0,3 mm, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mtundu - bulauni kapena wofiira. Amakhazikika pamitengo ya ma orchid, citrus kapena kunja, monga durian. Chifukwa chake, masamba a zomera amasanduka achikasu, owuma ndikugwa. Tiziromboti "amadya" zomera pambuyo pa zina, zoimira zazikulu za zamoyo.
Kangaude uyu amakhala pamitengo ya mandimu, maluwa, maluwa, komanso cacti. Kukula kwa thupi kumachokera ku 0,3 mm mpaka 0,5 mm, mtundu, monga dzina la mitunduyo limatanthawuzira, ndi lofiira kapena lofiirira. Amakhala youma ofunda nyengo, kutha ndi mkulu chinyezi. Zimaswana m'dzinja ndi masika, zimasowa m'nyengo yozizira, koma izi ndi maonekedwe. Pavuli paki, tizirombo tiwonekaso.
Kukula kwa thupi kumachokera ku 0,25 mm mpaka 0,4 mm m'litali, komanso kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa nkhupakupa zamitundu ina. Mtundu wake ndi njerwa zofiira, nthawi zina zachikasu. Ndizosavuta kuziwona kuposa zina chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi mtundu wake. Amakhala pa cacti, ficuses ndi zipatso za citrus. Malovu a tiziromboti ndi oopsa. Chifukwa cha izi, masamba, pomwe malovu amagwera, makwinya, amakhala ofiirira, owuma, ophwanyika komanso amagwa.
Ngati mwiniwake wa duwa lomwe tizilombo takhazikikapo azindikira mtundu wake, ndiye kuti amasankha poizoni wothandiza kwambiri. Zowonadi, pamtundu uliwonse wa akangaude, mankhwala ake a herbicide amapangidwa: majeremusi amasiyana ndi katundu, motero, ziphe kwa iwo ndizosiyana.
Kubereka kwa tizilombo
Moyo
Nkhupakupa zimakhala m'magulu. Kutentha ndi kuuma kwa chilengedwe, m'pamenenso amachulukitsa chiwerengero chawo. Kutalika kwa moyo ndi masiku 15 mpaka 40, kutengera mitundu. Samasamukira ku malo atsopano okha: munthu mwiniyo amawabweretsa m'nyumba. Ali ndi mtundu wapadera wa "hibernation" wotchedwa diapause. Ngati nkhupakupa ikuwona kuti malo oyipa abwera, ndiye kuti imagwera ngati makanema oimitsidwa. Mazira amasungidwa mu chikhalidwe ichi kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Majeremusi akuluakulu amakhala mu diapause kwa chaka chimodzi.
Kodi nkhupakupa imapezeka pa zomera m'chipindamo
Asayansi amanena kuti munthu amabweretsa tizirombo m’nyumba paokha, chifukwa sizisuntha kuchoka kumalo kupita kumalo ngakhale anthu atafa. Majeremusi amabweretsedwa m'nyumba m'njira zotsatirazi:
- kugula duwa lomwe lili ndi kachilombo. Anthu amene amagula maluwa m’manja mwawo samaona zingwe zopyapyala pamasamba, ndipo zimabweretsa tizirombo m’nyumba;
- kugula malo owonongeka. Ngati mwini duwalo samadziwa kuti nkhupakupa zili mnyumba mwake, ndipo adaganiza zogulitsa malowo, wogulayo amakhala pachiwopsezo. Malo oterowo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale atakonzedwa mosamala, chifukwa mazira a tizilombo amakhala mmenemo kwa zaka zingapo;
- pogwiritsa ntchito zenera. Ngati munthu akukhala pansanjika yoyamba, ndipo pali munda pafupipo, nkhupakupa zimalowa mnyumba chifukwa cha iye. Ndipotu, maluwa a mumsewu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tovuta kuwona ndi kuwononga.
Ndikoyenera kutchera khutu ku zomera zomwe zikumera pawindo ndikuzifufuza kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ndikosavuta kuganiza nthawi yomweyo momwe mungachotsere akangaude, osati kumenyana ndi koloni patapita miyezi ingapo.
Zizindikiro za maonekedwe a kangaude pa zomera zamkati
Kangaude zikawoneka pa zomera, zimakhala zovuta kuziwona chifukwa tizirombozi ndi zazing'ono komanso zosawoneka mpaka mazira oyambirira. Komabe, ngati zolengedwa izi zatsekedwa m'nyumba, zitha kuwoneka chifukwa cha:
- zingwe kumbuyo kwa pepala. Tizilombo timasiya ukonde wopyapyala womwe diso la munthu limatha kuwona;
- tsamba kuwonongeka. Mawanga achikasu, a bulauni ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono amawonekera pamasamba a maluwa;
- maonekedwe a zomera. Pakakhala nthata zambiri, zomera zimawoneka ngati zophimbidwa ndi madontho akuda, omwe amatha pamene mukuyesera kuwapukuta, koma amawonekeranso patatha ola limodzi kapena awiri.
Ngati chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwazi chikuwoneka pa zomera, muyenera kugula poizoni ndikukonza maluwa. Ndipotu nkhupakupa zimachulukana kwambiri n’kupita ku zomera zoyandikana nazo, n’kumaphanso mbewuzo.
Chifukwa chiyani akangaude ali owopsa kwa zomera zamkati
Kangaude amamwa madzi a muchomeracho poboola pamwamba pa masamba ndi tsinde ndi ma proboscises awo akuthwa. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo imayamba kukhala yachikasu komanso yowuma. Ngati majeremusi sachotsedwa pa duwa, mbewuyo imafa pakatha mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri, ngakhale itakhala yayikulu bwanji.
Zomwe zomera zamkati zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi akangaude
Nkhupakupa ndizosankha, zimakhazikika pafupifupi pamitengo yonse yamkati. Tizilombo sitiopa madzi akupha a azaleas kapena cactus singano. Amakhala pa dracaena, cacti, ficus, hibiscus, zomera zamtundu uliwonse ndi mawonekedwe. Duwa lokhalo lomwe silimawopa tizilomboti ndi chrysanthemum, chifukwa madzi ake ndi mankhwala achilengedwe a nkhupakupa.
Momwe mungachotsere akangaude
Popeza zomera mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ziwembu zimakhala ndi akangaude, wamaluwa apanga njira zothetsera tizirombo.
Pali njira ndi anthu, ndi mankhwala, ndi kwachilengedwenso.
Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe ili yoyenera nyengo yawo, dera ndi malo omwe tizilombo takhazikika.
Mankhwala a anthu
Ngati mwiniwake wa duwa adawona kuti nthata zidawonekera pachomera pomwe anthu anali asanakhale ndi nthawi yoikira mazira, mankhwala owerengeka angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwachotsa. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zinthu zomwe zilibe zowonjezera zamphamvu sizingathe kuvulaza mazira kapena akazi ogona. Pali mankhwala awa wowerengeka:
Thandizo la anthu layesedwa ndi anthu nthawi zoposa khumi ndi ziwiri, ndizodalirika. Komabe, maphikidwewa alibe zowonjezera za mankhwala zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zonse zimatengera momwe munthuyo amatsata njirayo, komanso mwayi.
njira zamoyo
Eni ziwembu zazikulu akuganiza za momwe angachotsere kangaude popanda kuvulaza anthu ndi nyama, chifukwa njira zama mankhwala ndizowopsa kwambiri, ndipo munda sungathe kuthandizidwa ndi madzi a sopo. Kuti achite izi, amapereka njira zamoyo.
Mwachitsanzo, mutha kubzala adani achilengedwe a akangaude - amblyseius ndi phytoseiulus - pamaluwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Zolengedwazi sizowopsa komanso zogwira mtima, koma zimakhala zovuta kuzichotsa ku zomera pambuyo pa chiwonongeko cha nkhupakupa.
Mankhwala
Zothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ma acaricides - kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi mankhwala opangidwa makamaka kuti aphe nkhupakupa. Zowopsa kwa thanzi la munthu, chifukwa chake, mbewu ziyenera kuthandizidwa nawo pamsewu, popeza zidateteza kale ziwalo zonse zopuma ndi manja.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amalembedwa pa phukusi, nthawi zambiri ndi malangizo kuti muchepetse mankhwalawo mu lita imodzi yamadzi, dikirani ola limodzi kapena awiri ndikuyamba kukonza. Izi ndi mankhwala monga Akarin, Fitoverm, Neoron, Kleschevit, Atellik.
Kulimbana ndi akangaude pa zomera zamkati zamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Kuti musawononge duwa pochotsa majeremusi, muyenera kudziwa momwe izi zingachitire. Kupatula apo, zomwe mungathe "kuchitira" dracaena zidzawononga violet.
Zomwe zimateteza zomera ku nthata za akangaude kunyumba
Kuti tizirombo zisalowe m'nyumba, muyenera kuyang'ana duwa lililonse lomwe munthu amabweretsa kunyumba.
Kuphatikiza apo, musanagule, muyenera kuyang'ana malo omwe mbewuzo zidzabzalidwe.
Aliyense watsopano "wokhalamo" wa nyumbayo ayenera kuima kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu mosiyana ndi maluwa ena onse. Kuyang'ana kudzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa ngati ili ndi kachilombo, ndikuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake kuti musawononge malo ena obiriwira m'nyumba.
Kupewa maonekedwe a tiziromboti m'nyumba
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizovuta kwambiri kuchotsa, choncho n'zosavuta kuteteza maonekedwe awo powateteza pasadakhale. Njira zodzitetezera ndi:
- kuyang'anira chomera chilichonse chomwe chidalowa m'nyumba chifukwa cha tizirombo;
- kukhala kwaokha kwa masiku 3-4 pa duwa lililonse;
- mankhwala amadzi a zomera zonse m'nyumba kamodzi pa sabata, kupatulapo omwe sangathe kulekerera madzi, monga violets. Ayenera kufufuzidwa kuyambira kumbuyo kwa masamba, kumene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timawoneka bwino;
- chithandizo cha fungicide;
- kunyowetsa mpweya pafupi ndi maluwa ndi sprayer: akangaude amakonda malo omwe ndi owuma komanso anyontho, zosayenera zimapha gawo la koloni.
Ngati mwiniwake wa malo obiriwira adzakwaniritsa mfundozi, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kubweretsa majeremusi m'nyumba. Pachifukwa ichi, zomera zidzakondweretsa diso nthawi yayitali ndikuphuka bwino kwambiri.
Poyamba