Nsikidzi za m'munda - tizirombo kapena ayi: adani osavulaza komanso odya zamasamba owopsa ochokera kudziko la tizilombo

Wolemba nkhaniyi
459 malingaliro
10 min. za kuwerenga

Olima m'minda amakumana ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ena ndi opindulitsa, pomwe ena ndi ovulaza. Nthawi zambiri pa mbewu pamakhala nsikidzi - tizirombo ta zomera ndi mitengo, oimira dongosolo la Hemiptera, banja la nsikidzi zonunkha. Anthu ambiri amawadziwa chifukwa cha fungo lachikumbu limene limasiya pa zomera ndi zipatso.

Momwe mungadziwire kukhalapo kwa nsikidzi pamalopo

Kufufuza nthawi zonse zomera pa malo, mukhoza kuona punctures pa masamba, pamene chikasu mawanga kupanga. Pakhoza kukhala tizilombo pa zomera, ziyenera kufananizidwa ndi kufotokozera kwa nsikidzi za m'munda, ndipo ngati pali zofanana, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuchitika mwamsanga. Ndikofunika kupereka chisamaliro choyenera kwa zomera:

  • kupalira;
  • kudyetsa panthawi yake;
  • kuthirira;
  • njira zodzitetezera.

Mwanjira imeneyi, kukana kwa zomera ku kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo kungathe kuwonjezeka. Ngati izi sizichitika, nsikidzi zimakhazikika pa mbewu, zimayamwa madzi, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa zokolola komanso kufa kwa mbewu.

Nsikidzi m'munda.

Momwe nsikidzi zakumunda zimawoneka: kufotokozera mitundu yodziwika bwino

Nsikidzi, okhala m'minda ndi minda yakukhitchini, ali ndi thupi lopangidwa ngati chishango. Oimira banja ili ndi ofanana kunja, koma amasiyana ndi kukula ndi mtundu wa thupi. Pa zipolopolo zawo pakhoza kukhala madontho, mikwingwirima, mawanga. Nsikidzi zimatha kukhala ndi mapiko kapena opanda mapiko. Nsikidzi zina zimauluka bwino, pamene zina zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuuluka kuchokera ku chomera china kupita ku china.

Nkhalango wobiriwira chishango
Nsikidzi zobiriwira za m'nkhalango zimadya madzi a mbewu za chimanga, masamba, zimawononga zomera zolimidwa ndi mabulosi. Kukula kwa thupi la kachilomboka ndi 11-16 mm. Thupi limakhala lobiriwira kwambiri, pakati pa chilimwe limakhala lofiira, ndipo m'dzinja tizilombo timakhala tofiirira. Kachilomboka kamauluka bwino ndikuyenda mwachangu kuchoka ku mbewu kupita ku mbewu. M'nyengo yozizira, mibadwo 3-4 ya nsikidzi zobiriwira zitha kuwoneka.
Eurydema kumpoto
Cruciferous bug kapena kumpoto euryderma, tizilombo tokhala pa kabichi, radish, radish, daikon. Thupi lake ndi lalitali 8-10 mm, utoto wofiira-wakuda. M'mawonekedwe, kachilombo ka cruciferous amafanana ndi kachilombo ka msilikali. Ali ndi mapiko pathupi lake. Akazi ndi ochuluka kwambiri, amatha kupanga mazira 4 pa nyengo. Ndi kuwukiridwa kwakukulu, amatha kuwononga mbewu.
chishango cha mabulosi
Thupi la mabulosi bug ndi 8-10 mm kutalika, kapezi kapena burgundy mumtundu wokhala ndi mawanga obiriwira. Amapezeka pa tchire la rasipiberi, ma currants, gooseberries, ndi mbewu zina za mabulosi. Imadya madzi a masamba ndi zipatso. Chifukwa chosowa zakudya, zimatha kuwononga mbewu zina m'munda.
nkhaka cholakwika
Mphuno yomwe imawononga nkhaka ndi yakuda, mpaka 3 mm kutalika. Kachilombo ka nkhaka kamabisala mkati mwa tsamba. Amalumpha mwachangu kuchokera patsamba kupita kutsamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi utitiri. Amakonda kukhala m’malo ofunda ndi achinyezi. Nthawi zambiri, amawononga wowonjezera kutentha mbewu. Kuwonjezera pa nkhaka, zimakhudza tsabola, biringanya, ndi tomato.
peyala lace wopanga
Chishango ndi peyala wopanga zingwe zazing'ono, mpaka 3,3 mm. Ili ndi thupi la bulauni ndi mapiko a membranous omwe amaoneka ngati lace. Zimakhudza mapeyala, mitengo ya maapulo ndi mitengo ina ya zipatso. M'nyengo yozizira, mibadwo 1-2 ya tizilombo imawonekera.
Kamba wovulaza
Nsikidzi ndi kamba wovulaza yemwe amawononga mbewu za chimanga, makamaka tirigu. Thupi lake limakutidwa ndi chipolopolo chofanana ndi chipolopolo cha kamba ndipo chimafika kutalika kwa 10-13 mm. Kuwonongeka kwa tsinde ndi ma spikelets a tirigu kumakhudza kukula kwa tirigu, chifukwa malovu amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kusungunuka kwa gilateni. Ufa wa tirigu woonongeka ndi kachilombo kosawoneka bwino.
Nsikidzi
Ntchentche zakhungu zimasiyana ndi achibale awo chifukwa zimakhala ndi chipolopolo chofewa. Nsikidzi zamtunduwu ndi zazing'ono komanso zapakati kukula, koma osapitirira 10 mm. Thupi ndi imvi. Iwo ali ndi dzina lawo, masomphenya osatukuka bwino. Izi zimawonekera makamaka pamaluwa amaluwa. Horsflies amadya zomera herbaceous, zitsamba ndi mitengo.
wolusa
Kachilomboka kamakonda tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Thupi lake ndi lakuda ndi mkombero wofiira wa mizere yakuda, 12-13 mm kutalika. Zikuoneka kuti kusaka usiku, atagwira wovulalayo, amapyoza thupi lake ndi proboscis, amabaya malovu owopsa, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasanduka madzi. Kachilomboka kamayamwa, chivundikiro chokhacho chotsalira cha tizilombo. 

Kodi nsikidzi zimadya chiyani?

Nsikidzi za m'munda zimadya madzi a masamba, zimayambira, njere, mbewu ndi zipatso. Makamaka amawononga kwambiri zomera pakukula ndi zipatso. Nthawi zina, maola ochepa ndi okwanira kuti banja la nsikidzi liwononge masamba ambiri pachomera.

Momwe zomera zimafera ndi nsikidzi

M’chaka, pa zomera zazing’ono, nsikidzi zimayamwa madzi a masambawo ndipo zimauma. Panthawi yamaluwa, amaboola tsinde zomwe inflorescences amapanga ndipo maluwa amauma, sipadzakhalanso zipatso pa mbewu zotere, mazirawo sangathe kupanga.
Ngati tizilombo totchinga timawononga zipatso ndi zipatso, ndiye kuti sangathenso kudyedwa, chifukwa cha fungo losasangalatsa lomwe amasiya. Zomera za Cruciferous zimavutikanso: masamba pa kabichi amauma, pamwamba pa radish, radish. 
Nsikidzi za m'munda zimawononga zomera zonse zomwe zimakula pamalopo: masamba, dzinthu, maambulera, mitundu ya cruciferous. Zitsamba za mabulosi, mitengo komanso zomera zokongola zimakhudzidwa. Mitundu ina imadya zomera zokha, komanso pali omnivore. 

Mitundu yothandiza ya nsikidzi zolusa

M'chilengedwe, pali nsikidzi zothandiza zomwe zimapindulitsa m'minda ndi m'minda ya zipatso powononga tizirombo, mazira awo ndi mphutsi. Tizilombo totere timalimidwa mwapadera kuti tizidya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zimatetezedwa ku tizirombo ndi nsikidzi zonunkha ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera kumachepetsedwa.

Perillus bicentennial
Bicentennial perillus bug ndi wa banja la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Thupi lake lili ndi chipolopolo chakuda chokhala ndi mawanga ofiira, achikasu, oyera. Akuluakulu ndi 8-12 mm kutalika. Kamutu kakang'ono kakuda kamene kamakhala ndi tinyanga komanso mphuno yooneka ngati mlomo wakuthwa. Kachilomboka kamatha kupirira kutentha kwa mpweya kuchokera ku +6 mpaka +50 madigiri. Perillus amadya kokha ku Colorado mbatata kafadala. Amayikira mazira pamasamba a mbatata. Iwo ndi akuda ndipo ali pamzere. 
Picromerus
Chilombo cholusa chomwe chimawononga tizirombo zambiri: mbozi, agulugufe, scoops, Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndi ena ambiri. Proboscis ya kachilomboka yokhala ndi notch, kuboola thupi la wovulalayo, imayigwira mwamphamvu, kotero kuti palibe njira yopulumukira. Pycromerus amakhala m'nkhalango. M'malo a labotale, kachilomboka kamawetedwa mwapadera ndikubzalidwa m'malo othana ndi tizirombo.

Kodi nsikidzi zam'munda ndizowopsa kwa anthu?

Nsikidzi za m'munda zimadya madzi a zomera. Munthu sawukiridwa ndipo magazi ake samaledzera. Akhoza kulowa m'chipindamo, atachoka m'chipindamo, mwaufulu kapena ndi thandizo la wina, fungo losasangalatsa lingakhalepo. Sizichitika kawirikawiri kuti nsikidzi za m'munda zimakhazikika muzomera zamkati ndikuzivulaza.

Kodi nsikidzi zimaluma?

Nsikidzi za m'munda sizingathe kuluma pakhungu la munthu. Zili zoopsa chifukwa zimawononga zomera zimene munthu amalima kuti azidya yekha. Fungo losasangalatsa lomwe limatsalira pambuyo pa nsikidzi pamasamba ndi zipatso zimawapangitsa kukhala osayenera kudya. Mwa anthu ena, fungo ili limayambitsa kusalolera kwa munthu.

Kachilombo kagulu kakang'ono kamatha kuluma pakhungu, kuluma kwake kumafaniziridwa ndi mbola ya mavu. Koma zotsatira za kuluma koteroko zimadutsa mofulumira. Kulumidwa ndi nyama yolusa ndi yowopsa kwa anthu omwe amakonda kudwala.

Asilikali otchuka kapena nsikidzi zofiira: zabwino ndi zovulaza

Msilikali wa bug, Cossack kapena red bug, mayina onsewa ndi amtundu umodzi wodziwika bwino wa nsikidzi. Nsomba yofiira imapezeka paliponse, m'chilengedwe muli anthu opanda mapiko ndi mapiko. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mu March, amawonekera pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira pazitsa, miyala, m'mphepete mwa msewu. Msilikaliyo amadya madzi a zomera ndi mungu wa maluwa, mbewu, ndi zipatso. Komanso, mndandanda wake umaphatikizapo tizilombo tina, nkhono, mphutsi.

Pali milandu yakuukira achibale awo.

Pindulani: kachilomboka sichiwopsezo cha mbewu za m'munda. Ngakhale ndi mitundu yambiri ya zamoyozi, palibe deta yakufa kwa zomera kumalo awo. Koma asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito asitikali pa kafukufuku wa labotale mu biochemistry, endocrinology ndi machitidwe a tizilombo. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa nsikidzi m’dera linalake, amalankhula za ubwino wa chilengedwe. Phindu ndiloti limawononga tizirombo tina ta m'munda.
Zowononga: padzakhala zovulaza kwa munthu pokhapokha ngati, panthawi yobereka, asilikali amalowa m'chipindamo. Zotsatira zake zimatha kukhala pamakapeti, mipando, zovala. Anthu ena atha kukumana ndi zosagwirizana ndi tiziduswa ta chivundikiro cha chitinous cha kachilomboka.
Asilikali ndi nsikidzi!?
Sizingatheke! Zilibe kanthu

Njira zothana ndi nsikidzi m'munda

Pali njira zambiri zotsimikiziridwa zothanirana ndi nsikidzi zam'munda. Njirayi imasankhidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo. Ndi nsikidzi zochepa, mankhwala owerengeka kapena njira zamoyo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Sawononga zomera ndi mbewu. Koma ndi tizilombo tochuluka pa zomera, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe Boverin ndi Bitoxibacillin amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa ambiri kuwononga nsikidzi.

Bitoxibacillin ndi mankhwala omwe chigawo chake chachikulu ndi zinyalala za bakiteriya Bacillus thuringiensis. Bakiteriyayu amakhala kumtunda kwa nthaka ndi pamwamba pake, amapanga spores zomwe zimakhala ndi puloteni yoopsa kwa nsikidzi, zomwe zikalowa m'thupi lawo, zimayamba kuwola ndikuwononga dongosolo la m'mimba. Tizilombo sitingathe kudya ndi kufa. Kwa anthu, mankhwalawa si owopsa.
Boverin ndi bioinsecticide yomwe imagwira ntchito pa tizilombo towopsa. Ma spores a bowa, omwe ali mbali ya mankhwalawa, amalowa mu chivundikiro cha chitinous cha tizilombo m'thupi lake, amakula pamenepo, pang'onopang'ono kupha mwiniwakeyo. Nsonga za bowa zomwe zafika pamwamba pa tizilombo takufa zimalowetsedwa mwa anthu omwe akukumana nawo ndipo mwa njira iyi tizilombo tochuluka timadwala.

Mankhwala

Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu code adathandizidwa kale ndi njira zina, koma panalibe zotsatira kapena ndi kuwukira kwakukulu kwa nsikidzi. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo molingana ndi momwe amachitira amagawidwa kukhala kukhudzana, matumbo, systemic.

1
Actellik
9.7
/
10
More
2
Carbophos
9.5
/
10
More
3
Kemithos
9.3
/
10
More
4
Vantex
9
/
10
More
Actellik
1
Mankhwala onse Antellik amatanthauza kukhudzana ndi m'mimba tizilombo.
Kuunika kwa akatswiri:
9.7
/
10

Zimagwira ntchito pamanjenje a tizilombo, kulepheretsa ntchito ya ziwalo zonse. Pamalo otseguka, imakhalabe yogwira mpaka masiku 10. Kukonza kumachitika pa kutentha kwa mpweya wa +15 mpaka +20 madigiri.

Плюсы
  • zotsatira zachangu;
  • Kuchita bwino;
  • mtengo wololera.
Минусы
  • kawopsedwe;
  • fungo lamphamvu;
  • kumwa kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Carbophos
2
Broad spectrum mankhwala.
Kuunika kwa akatswiri:
9.5
/
10

Imapondereza dongosolo lamanjenje, lomwe limatsogolera ku imfa ya ziwalo zonse. Zimakhudza tizirombo pazigawo zonse za chitukuko, kuphatikizapo mazira.

Плюсы
  • ntchito yapamwamba;
  • chiwonongeko;
  • kukana kutentha kwakukulu;
  • mtengo wololera.
Минусы
  • Kununkhira kwamphamvu;
  • kawopsedwe.
Kemithos
3
Kemifos ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo.
Kuunika kwa akatswiri:
9.3
/
10

Imalowa m'njira yopuma ndikupha tizirombo tonse mkati mwa maola ochepa. Imagwira ntchito mpaka masiku 10. amachita pa akuluakulu, mphutsi ndi mazira.

Плюсы
  • chiwonongeko;
  • Kuchita bwino;
  • otsika kawopsedwe;
  • mtengo wololera.
Минусы
  • ali ndi fungo lamphamvu;
  • sungagwiritsidwe ntchito pa maluwa ndi zipatso;
  • amafuna kutsatira mosamalitsa mlingo.
Vantex
4
Vantex ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono ngati malamulo a mlingo akutsatiridwa.
Kuunika kwa akatswiri:
9
/
10

Imakhalabe ndi zotsatira zake ngakhale mvula itatha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pafupipafupi kumatha kusokoneza tizilombo.

Плюсы
  • otsika kawopsedwe;
  • osiyanasiyana zochita za mankhwala ndi kuchokera +8 mpaka +35 madigiri.
Минусы
  • zowopsa kwa njuchi ndi tizilombo tomwe timatulutsa mungu;
  • processing ikuchitika m'mawa kapena madzulo maola.

Folk njira

Njira za anthu sizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito, koma chithandizo choterechi chiyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, masiku 3-7 aliwonse. Pofuna kuthana ndi nsikidzi, gwiritsani ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa peel ya anyezi, mpiru wowuma, sopo wochapira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti masamba amasamba pamitengo kuchokera mbali ziwiri.

GarlicGarlic ufa umachepetsedwa m'madzi. Tengani masupuni 1 pa lita imodzi, sakanizani ndi kukonza mbewuyo.
Kulowetsedwa wa anyezi peel200 magalamu a anyezi peel amatsanuliridwa ndi 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, amaumirira kwa tsiku, osasankhidwa. Kulowetsedwa komalizidwa kumabweretsedwa ku malita 10 powonjezera madzi okwanira ndipo zomera zimatsukidwa ndi masamba.
Mpiru wa mpiru100 magalamu a ufa wowuma wa mpiru amathiridwa mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, malita ena 9 amadzi amawonjezeredwa kusakaniza ndikupopera mbewuzo.
decoctions wa zitsambaDecoction wa chowawa, cloves, tsabola wofiira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kuwukira kwa kachilomboka.
Black cohoshChomera chakuda cha cohosh chimabzalidwa mozungulira munda, chimathamangitsa tizilombo ku zomera.

Njira zaulimi

Kubzala panthawi yake, kusamalira nthaka: kupalira, kuthirira ndi kuthirira feteleza kumapangitsa kuti zomera zisawonongeke ndi nsikidzi ndi tizirombo tina. Nsikidzi zimakhazikika pa udzu, kenako zimasamukira ku mbewu zina pamalopo. Choncho, ayenera kuchotsedwa pa mabedi pa nthawi yake.

Yendetsani BUGS pakhosi! Kupanda kutero adzawononga zonse mundawo ndi dimba la ndiwo zamasamba!

Kupewa kuoneka kwa nsikidzi pamalowo

Njira zopewera zimathandizira kuteteza mbewu ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nsikidzi zimadya namsongole m’nyengo ya masika, ndipo zikamera zimasintha n’kuyamba kubzala m’munda. Kutsatira malamulo osavuta awa kuyambira masika mpaka autumn kudzapereka zotsatira zabwino. Ndizofunikira:

  1. Konzani malo musanabzale mbewu: kumwaza fumbi la fodya, mpiru wouma kapena tsabola wotentha. Adzawopseza kapena kuwononga tizirombo.
  2. Muziona nthawi yobzala zomera, izi zidzathandiza kuti mbewuzo zikhale zamphamvu zikadzayamba kuphukira nsikidzi.
  3. Kuvala pamwamba, kupalira ndi kumasula nthaka kumawonjezera kukana kwa zomera.
  4. Nthawi yonseyi, yeretsani mabedi owuma masamba, udzu.
  5. Bzalani zomera mozungulira mabedi othamangitsa nsikidzi.

Momwe mungatengere nsikidzi zam'munda chifukwa cha uchidakwa

Ena amayesa kuchiza uchidakwa ndi nsikidzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira kapena ayi, chisankhocho ndi chodzifunira. Kachitidwe ka tincture pa nsikidzi ndikuyambitsa gag reflex mwa munthu wakumwa ndipo, m'tsogolomu, kudana ndi vodka.

Kwa tincture, nsikidzi 5-10 zimatengedwa, kuikidwa mu botolo la vodka ndikuumirira kwa masiku 7-10. Womwayo amasinthidwa ndi mowa weniweni wa tincture. Yambani mankhwala ndi galasi limodzi.

Poyamba
nsikidziKodi kachilombo kamsewu kamawoneka bwanji: pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa okhala m'munda ndi obaya magazi
Chotsatira
nsikidziKodi mphutsi za nsikidzi zimawoneka bwanji ndipo chifukwa chiyani zili zowopsa: njira zothana ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono
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