Red bug kapena chikumbu chamsilikali: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera za chowotcha moto cholakwika
Oimira banja la red-bug, omwe amadziwika kwa ambiri kuyambira ali mwana ngati kafadala ankhondo, ngakhale kuti ali ndi maonekedwe opanda vuto komanso mbiri yabwino, amatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewuyo. Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zovuta zolimbana kuti apulumutse zobzala zawo.
Zamkatimu
- Nsikidzi zofiira (Pyrrhocoris apterus): kufotokozera
- Malo okhala nsikidzi zofiira
- Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za maonekedwe a nsikidzi za asilikali m'munda
- Msilikali wa Bug: kuvulaza ndi kupindula ndi tizilombo
- Njira zothana ndi nsikidzi zofiira
- Momwe mungachotsere nsikidzi za asirikali mnyumba ndi nyumba
- Kupewa kuoneka kwa nsikidzi-asilikali
- Tizilombo tina nthawi zambiri timasokonezeka ndi nsikidzi zankhondo
- Zosangalatsa za nsikidzi zofiira
Nsikidzi zofiira (Pyrrhocoris apterus): kufotokozera
Nsikidzi zofiira ndi za banja la dzina lomwelo, dongosolo la Coleoptera. Izi ndi nsikidzi wamba, pansi, kukula kwake sikudutsa 9-11 mm. Tizilombo timagwira ntchito kuyambira Marichi mpaka Okutobala.
Kubereketsa ndi chitukuko mkombero
Kodi asilikali amadya chiyani?
Malo okhala nsikidzi zofiira
Asilikali a zidole ali ponseponse m'madera ofunda. Amapezeka kudera lonse la Eurasia, ku United States ndi kumpoto kwa Africa.
Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi awa:
- milu ya udzu wouma ndi masamba;
- makungwa a mitengo ndi zitsa;
- maziko a nyumba zamalonda.
Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za maonekedwe a nsikidzi za asilikali m'munda
Zifukwa zazikulu zowonekera kwa tizirombo patsamba ndi:
- mapiri a masamba owuma, udzu ndi zinyalala zina;
- zitsa zowola ndi zowola;
- udzu wambiri, makamaka quinoa ndi chowawa;
- kukhalapo kwa mbewu za nyemba, nyemba, nkhuni.
Nthawi zina, asilikali amatha kuwonekera m'nyumba zachinsinsi. Tizilombo timatha kusintha ndipo timatha kupezanso chakudya kumeneko - nthawi zambiri zobzala m'nyumba, mbande ndi zomera zina zimakhala ngati chakudya.
Zomwe zadziwika: msilikali wina akangosintha malo, achibale ake amamutsatira nthawi yomweyo. Popanda chakudya, amafa kapena amakhala ndi nthawi yopeza malo ena okhala.
Zizindikiro zomwe mungakayikire kuwoneka kwa asitikali pamalopo:
- kuwoneka kwa mawanga achikasu pamasamba a kabichi ndi kufa kwawo;
- kukhetsa masamba ndi maluwa;
- kuyanika ndi kupotoza nsonga za beet;
- kuyanika mwachangu kwa mbewu za banja la ambulera.
Nsikidzi zofiira zimakhala ndi chizolowezi chowotcha dzuwa. Nthawi zambiri munthu mmodzi kapena ochepa amatha kupezeka kumbuyo kwa ntchitoyi. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kufufuza malo omwe tizilombo tingabisale - monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, amakhala m'madera.
Msilikali wa Bug: kuvulaza ndi kupindula ndi tizilombo
Ambiri amaona kuti nsikidzi zofiira ndi tizilombo topanda vuto, koma izi ndi chinyengo. Ngakhale tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titha kuwononga kwambiri mbewu zamaluwa.
Zowonongeka chifukwa cha ozimitsa moto
- mothandizidwa ndi proboscis yamphamvu, amaboola tsinde ndi zipatso za mbewu, amayamwa madzi awo, chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imauma ndikufa;
- asilikaliwo amakonda kudya mphesa, kuwawononga - zipatso zomwe zakhudzidwa zimakhala zosayenera kudya, ndipo zokolola zimachepa kwambiri;
- kuwononga nsonga za beet ndi masamba a kabichi, kusiya ma punctures oyipa pa iwo;
- kuwononga mbewu m'nthaka;
- zimakhudza thunthu ndi nthambi za mitengo;
- kuyamwa timadziti kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono ndi mphukira, zomwe zimafa asanakhale ndi nthawi yoti akule.
Komabe, pali zopindulitsa kuchokera ku tizilombo izi: amakhala ndi moyo wotseguka, ndi wosavuta kukula ndikukula mofulumira, choncho amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chachitsanzo cha maphunziro a labotale a biochemistry ndi endocrinology ya tizilombo, komanso kuyesa chilengedwe.
Njira zothana ndi nsikidzi zofiira
Popeza asilikaliwo amachulukitsa mofulumira kwambiri ndipo amatha kuwononga kwambiri malo otsetsereka, pachizindikiro choyamba cha maonekedwe awo, ayenera kuchitidwa. Pali njira zingapo zothanirana ndi nsikidzi zamoto.
adani achilengedwe
Tizilomboti tili ndi adani ambiri achilengedwe, koma amatetezedwa kwa iwo ndi mtundu wawo wofiira komanso kuthekera kotulutsa fungo loyipa.
Mtundu wofiira wonyezimira m'chilengedwe ndi chizindikiro chakuti tizilombo ndi poizoni ndipo sayenera kudyedwa.
Ngati msilikali adalowa pa intaneti, akangaude ambiri amataya chifukwa cha "fungo" lakuthwa. Chitetezo cha tizilombo sichidzasiya kupemphera mantises, mbalame ndi mileme.
Mankhwala
Mankhwala ophatikizika amalimbana ndi tizirombo mosavuta, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mulimonse iwo amakhalabe m'nthaka ndi zomera. Kuonjezera apo, asilikali ali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kotero kuti mbadwo wachiwiri wa tizirombo udzakhala wosakhudzidwa nawo. .
Mukhoza kuchita ndondomeko nokha, mankhwala othandiza kwambiri.
misampha yopepuka
Nsikidzi zimakopeka ndi kuwala - khalidweli limachokera ku mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito misampha yopepuka. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mwanjira imeneyi ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tizirombo, koma sizingagwire ntchito kuwachotseratu. Nthawi zambiri, amuna ndi akazi osabereka amagwera m'misampha. Pali mitundu iwiri ya zida, iliyonse imatha kugulidwa m'sitolo:
- ma radiation wamba - majeremusi amakwawira kuwala ndikumamatira pamalo omata;
- cheza cha ultraviolet - kuwala koteroko sikuwoneka ndi maso a munthu, ndipo tizilombo timafa kuchokera ku mains.
Misampha ina imagwiritsanso ntchito ufa wamankhwala ndi njira zina, zomwe zimachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafa.
Njira za anthu
Kuti awononge asilikali, mungagwiritse ntchito njira zowerengeka. Sizigwira ntchito ngati mankhwala, koma ndi zotetezeka kwa anthu, nthaka ndi zomera.
Otsatirawa maphikidwe anasonyeza kwambiri dzuwa.
| Njira | Gwiritsani ntchito |
|---|---|
| Yankho la sopo | 300 gr. Kabati sopo wochapira ndi kusungunula mu 10 malita. madzi ofunda. Uza zomera ndi nthaka ndi njira yothetsera pogwiritsa ntchito botolo lopopera. |
| anyezi peel | Lembani chidebe chachikulu mpaka theka ndi peel anyezi ndikutsanulira madzi. Adzapatsa mankhwalawa kwa masiku 4-5 m'chipinda chamdima. Pambuyo pake, sungani yankho ndikugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. |
| phulusa la nkhuni | 200 gr. chepetsani njira mumtsuko wamadzi, pogwiritsa ntchito fanizo ndi njira zomwe tafotokozazi. |
| Kutolera pamanja | Mukhoza kungogwira asilikali, koma izi si zophweka, chifukwa amayenda mofulumira kwambiri. Ndi bwino kukonzekera muli pasadakhale kuti chiwonongeko cha magulu akuluakulu a tizilombo. Ndi bwino kuphwanya anthu osakwatiwa pa zomera nthawi yomweyo, monga Colorado mbatata kafadala. |
| malamba osaka | Mamphepo apadera okhala ndi zinthu zapoizoni kapena zomata amamangiriridwa pamitengo, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyenda kwa tizilombo. |
Momwe mungachotsere nsikidzi za asirikali mnyumba ndi nyumba
Tizilombo si oyenera kuwononga tizirombo mu nyumba.
- Komabe, mutha kuyesa kuwachotsa mothandizidwa ndi dichlorvos wamba.
- Vinyo wosasa ndi palafini amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwapha m'nyumba zogona. Iyenera kuchitidwa ndi matabwa a skirting, miyendo ya mipando ndi malo ena obisika.
- Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma decoctions a zitsamba zonunkhira (chowawa, tansy) kapena kufalitsa nthambi zowuma za zomerazi kuzungulira nyumbayo. Fungo lakuthwa, lodziwika bwino lidzawopsyeza tizirombo.
- Anthu amatha kugwidwa ndi makina.
Kupewa kuoneka kwa nsikidzi-asilikali
Kuchita zodzitetezera kumateteza nyumba ndi malo kuti asawukidwe ndi nsikidzi.
Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Nthawi yake Kupalira m'munda, kuchotsa udzu ndi zomera zinyalala. Ndi kukula kwa udzu, kuchuluka kwa tizirombo ndi mazira awo kumawonjezeka. Udzu umatenthedwa bwino.
- Osasiya zitsa zakale zovunda pamalopo, koma nthawi yomweyo zizule.
- Osabzala nyemba pafupi ndi nyemba pamalopo - awa ndi malo omwe asitikali amakonda.
- Bzalani cimicifuga kuzungulira malowa (makamaka chomerachi chimatchedwa "black cohosh"). Mukhozanso kubzala zitsamba zonunkhiza mwamphamvu, monga chowawa.
- Kutchetcha udzu mu nthawi - kutalika kwa udzu kuyenera kukhala kochepa.
Tizilombo tina nthawi zambiri timasokonezeka ndi nsikidzi zankhondo
Tizilombo tofiira nthawi zambiri timasokonezeka ndi tizirombo tina tiwiri.
Zosangalatsa za nsikidzi zofiira
- M'nyengo yozizira, asilikali, monga nyama zoyamwitsa, hibernate - kumatenga December mpaka March.
- Gulu lililonse la tizirombo lili ndi chiwerengero chokulirapo cha amuna kuposa akazi (pafupifupi 3-4 nthawi).
- Kale asilikali akalumidwa amatha kuvulaza thanzi la munthu, koma sizili choncho: nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda vuto ndipo sakonda kusonyeza nkhanza zamitundumitundu.
- Redbug imatulutsa fungo lamphamvu losasangalatsa ngakhale litangopwetekedwa, ndipo ngati litaphwanyidwa, fungo lake silingathe kupirira.
- Mapangidwe a predorsum amasiyana kutengera komwe kuli tizilombo; palimodzi pali mitundu pafupifupi 23 yamitundu.
- Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kuli kochepa, ndiye kuti mazira amachepetsa kukula kwake ndipo mphutsi zazing'ono zimatuluka mwa iwo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowawa ndi achibale. Nthawi zambiri, kudyera anthu ena kumakhala kofala kwambiri mwa tizilombo.
- X chromosome inapezeka mu 1891 ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo wa ku Germany Hermann Hecking pofufuza za mazira a chidole.
- Yaikazi, itaikira mazira, imawasunga kwa nthawi ndithu, motero imasonyeza kuti imakhudzidwa ndi anawo.