Khola njenjete - tizilombo tochuluka chakudya

Mbewu njenjete ndi gulu la tizirombo phala mbewu. Amadyedwa osati ndi nyongolotsi yokha, komanso ndi mphutsi zake. Tizilomboti timawononga mbewu za tirigu, rye, nyemba.

Kodi njenjete zambewu zimawoneka bwanji (chithunzi)

Kufotokozera za tizilombo

dzina: Moth, Bulu kapena Mkate
Zaka.: Nemapogon granella

Maphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Banja: njenjete zenizeni - Tineidae

	Malo okhala:	yosungirako tirigu, nyumba ndi nyumba
	Zowopsa kwa:	tirigu, crackers, zouma bowa
	Njira zowonongera:	kutentha mankhwala, wowerengeka njira, mankhwala

White breadworm (mbewu njenjete) ndi gulugufe wa banja la njenjete, ndi tizilombo toononga m'matangadza. Zimawononganso zinthu zotsatirazi:

• bowa;
• osokoneza;
• kubzala zakuthupi.

Khola la njenjete mphutsi.

Malo a tizilombo ndi: nkhokwe, nyumba zogona. Kachilomboka kamakhala ndi maonekedwe awa: mapiko akutsogolo ali ndi imvi ndipo amakhala ndi zigamba zingapo zakuda. Mapiko akumbuyo ndi ofiirira ndi mphonje yaying'ono, mapiko ake ndi 14 mm.

Kutalika kwa mbozi kumafika 10 mm, mtundu ndi wachikasu, mutu ndi bulauni. M'miyezi 12, mibadwo iwiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imayamba.

M'nyengo yozizira, tizilomboti timakhala mu khola. Tizilombo ta m'badwo woyamba timaswa mu March. Yaikazi imapha mbewu poikira mazira.

Kodi tiziromboti timawoneka bwanji?

Mbewu njenjete ndi mtundu wofala wa tizilombo towononga mbewu. Amakhala m'malo osungira tirigu, mphero, ma flats, milu ndi mafunde.

Kakulidwe ka tizirombo kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake: mbozi imakula mosazindikira, chifukwa ili mkati mwa njere. Mazira amapangidwa mkati mwa masiku 28. Nthawi zina kucha kwawo ndi masiku 4 ndipo zimadalira kutentha kwa boma. Amalekerera kutentha kochepa komanso chinyezi chambiri. Mbozi yomwe imaswedwera imakhala yoyenda ndipo imathera nthawi yambiri pamwamba pa njere.

Mbewu njenjete padziko.

Mumbewu imodzi ya rye, mbozi imodzi imakhazikika, mumbewu ya chimanga chiwerengero chawo chimafika anthu 1-2. Bowo lomwe tizilombo tinalowa mumbewuyo ndi lodetsedwa ndi ndowe.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timawononga phala la chimanga, n’kupanga mphanga yodzadza ndi uta. Imagawanitsa mbewu m'zipinda ziwiri: choyamba pali mbozi, chachiwiri - zopangidwa ndi ntchito yake yofunika.

Mbozi imakhala mkati mwa njere mpaka kumapeto kwa kukula kwake. Kutentha kozungulira +10 ... + 12 ° C, tizilombo timakhala mu hibernation, yomwe imatha miyezi isanu. Chinyezi chambewu, chofunikira kuti pakhale mbozi, chiyenera kukhala osachepera 5-15%.

Zowopsa komanso zowopsa njenjete

njenjete njenjete.

Mphutsi yoyera ndi tizilombo toononga tirigu, balere, oats, mpunga, manyuchi, nyemba ndi zina zotero. Gulugufe amawononga nandolo pokhapokha ngati phala lasungidwa pa chinyezi cha 14%.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timawononga nthangala za mbeu mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 20. Pamene chimangacho chiwonongekeratu ndi njenjete zambewu, panthawi ya agulugufe, kutentha kwa njere kumakwera, madera odziwotcha okha ndi kuphika. anapanga.

Gawo loyamba la kuwonongeka kwa chimanga silidziwika nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cholowera munjere yowonongeka ndi yaying'ono.

Kuchiza mbewu zomwe zili ndi kachilombo sikuwononga tizilombo nthawi zonse, koma, pamodzi ndi phala, zimalowa m'nkhokwe. Posakhalitsa, mboziyo imasanduka chrysalis, yomwe gulugufe limatuluka, kuikira mazira. Tizilombo ta nkhokwe timakhala munkhokwe mpaka nkhokwe za tirigu zitatha.

Njira zolimbana

Pofuna kuthana ndi njenjete zambewu, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Mbewu zasungidwa m'zipinda zapadera zotetezedwa ku malowedwe a makoswe ndi mbalame. Mbewu za mbewu zatsopanozi sizinasakanizidwe ndi mbewu zachaka chatha. Dziwani kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha zinthu, kuchita kuyeretsa mu yosungirako.

Njere sayenera kukhudzana ndi kunja khoma chophimba kuteteza madzi, nkhungu mapangidwe. M'pofunika kuwunika zizindikiro za kutentha ndi chinyezi, poganizira nthawi ya chaka.

Ngati njenjete ya nkhokwe ikupezeka m'chipindamo, chitani ntchito zotsatirazi:

• kukonza nkhokwe ndi zosungiramo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala;
• kuyeretsa makina;
• perekani njere ku kutentha kwakukulu;
• kugwiritsa ntchito fumigants kuchiza mbewu;
• disinfection ndi aerosols.

Stock kuziziritsa

Pali njira zitatu zosungira tirigu:

• youma;
• utakhazikika;
  

  Mbewu zimafunikira kutentha koyenera kosungirako.

• opanda mpweya.

M'minda, chimanga amasungidwa chilled. Njira imeneyi imalepheretsa kutayika kwa mbewu, tizirombo timafa. Kuziziritsa zinthuzo, mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito, womwe umagwira ntchito nthawi yonseyi.

Kuziziritsa njere kumateteza mbewu yatsopano. Kutentha kumasiyana kuchokera ku 0 mpaka +12 °. Pankhaniyi, kuchepa pang'ono kwa kulemera kwa phala kumawonedwa, kufika pa 0,1%.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasokoneza ubwino wa mankhwala. Ngati kutentha kwa mbewu sikuchepera +19 ° C, ntchito ya njenjete yambewu imawonjezeka. Chitetezo chokolola chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kutentha kwa + 12 ° C ndi chinyezi - 18%.

Kutentha kwambewu

Kuti mbewu zisungidwe, zimasinthidwa, zomwe zimachitika mu elevator. Gwiritsani ntchito zowumitsira zapadera. Pakuti aliyense chikhalidwe kudziwa kutentha ulamuliro.

Musanatenthetse forage, iyenera kutsukidwa. njenjete amafa pa kutentha +55 ° C, mankhwala kumatenga mphindi 10 kuti 2 hours.

Mbewu sizitenthedwa, chifukwa tizirombo sitifa. Kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira za 100%, kutentha kwa magawo awiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbewu zowuma zimaviikidwa mu chowumitsira kawiri ndikuyang'anitsitsa tizilombo.

kuyeretsa tirigu

Mbewu imatsukidwa ndi njira yolekanitsa.

njenjete zambewu zimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolekanitsa gulu limodzi la mankhwala. Kupatukana kumakupatsani mwayi wowononga njenjete yambewu, yomwe ili mumlengalenga pakati pa mbewu. Njira imeneyi si ntchito ngati kuli kofunika pokonza matenda njere, mkati mwake muli tizilombo.

Zipatso zomwe zili ndi kachilombo zimatsukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera okhala ndi machitidwe olakalaka omwe amalepheretsa kufalikira kwa zinthu zovulaza m'chilengedwe. Iwo amawononga njenjete m'nyengo yozizira, pamene yozizira njere.

Saletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'miyezi yachilimwe, chifukwa izi zimabweretsa kufalikira kwake.

Mankhwala njira zowononga

Fumigation warehouse.

Kukonzekera komalizidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha mphero, zikepe, kudyetsa mbewu, chimanga ndi ufa. Ngati nyumba yosungiramo katunduyo sinadzaze ndi zinthu, zofukiza ndi kukonzekera kwa aerosol zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

M'chipinda momwe njenjete ya nkhokwe imakhalamo, zowononga tizilombo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Asanayambe ntchito, munthu ayenera kuganizira osati mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso mtundu wa nyumba, kuyandikana kwake ndi nyumba zoyendetsera ntchito, minda, ndi zina zotero.

Zipinda zopanda kanthu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fumigants, kusiya zikwama, katundu, ndi zipangizo mu nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Ntchito ikuchitika isanayambe Mumakonda mbewu yatsopano, poganizira kutentha kwa mpweya.

Pa + 12 ° C, nyongolotsi ya nkhokwe imakhala yogwira ntchito. Sprayers amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa mankhwala onyowa. Gulugufe wambewuyo amafa akakumana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Kunyowa processing

Mbewu njenjete mphutsi ndi mazira akhoza kuchotsedwa ndi chonyowa processing. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera 1 tsp kumadzi. 0,9% vinyo wosasa. Chidebe chomwe chimasungiramo njerecho chimatsukidwa kapena kusiyidwa kuti chipha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mufiriji. Kuyeretsa konyowa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotsuka, ndikuwonjezera mankhwala osiyanasiyana m'madzi.

Kulimbana ndi njenjete kuyenera kuchitidwa mokwanira.

Mankhwala a anthu

Kunyumba, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono mu uvuni pa kutentha kwa + 60 ° C kwa maola awiri. M'mafakitale, zowumitsa mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha kochepa kumapangidwa m'chipindamo potsegula mazenera m'nyengo yozizira, kapena zotengera zomwe zili ndi mbewu zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka zimatengedwa kupita kukhonde. Masamba a chimanga nthawi zina amazizidwa mufiriji.

Kuphatikiza kwa njira zosiyanasiyana

Musanasankhe njira yolimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mlingo wa imfa uyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zolimbana, mutha kuchita bwino. M`pofunika kuwononga katundu wa kuonongeka dzinthu, kuchita chonyowa kuyeretsa, kuika misampha limodzi majeremusi.

Kusungiramo tirigu.

Njira zothandizira

Kusunga tirigu, njira zotsatirazi zimatsatiridwa: amatsatira miyezo yaukhondo, amachitapo kanthu kuti ateteze njenjete, amagwiritsa ntchito nyumba zamakono posungirako mbewu, amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zolowera mpweya wabwino, komanso kusunga kutentha kochepa.