Kabichi njenjete ndi gulugufe wamng'ono yemwe angabweretse mavuto aakulu

Pakati pa tizirombo zambiri zomwe zimawononga zomera za banja la Cruciferous, njenjete ya kabichi imakhala ndi malo apadera. Magulu a tizilombo amatha kuwononga mbewu zamasamba mu nthawi yaifupi kwambiri.

Kodi njenjete za kabichi zimawoneka bwanji (chithunzi)

Kufotokozera za tizilombo

dzina: kabichi njenjete
Zaka.: Plutella xylostella

Maphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Banja: Agulugufe okhala ndi mapiko - Plutellidae

	Malo okhala:	munda
	Zowopsa kwa:	cruciferous banja
	Njira zowonongera:	mankhwala, teknoloji yaulimi

Kabichi njenjete ndi gulugufe wamng'ono wa banja la Sicklewing. Kuwonongeka kwa zomera kumachitika chifukwa cha mbozi zomwe zimadya masamba okoma. Wachikulire amakonda timadzi tokoma kuchokera ku inflorescences ndipo samawononga mbewu.

Makhalidwe azachilengedwe

Kabichi njenjete butterfly.

Gulugufe wa kabichi ali ndi thupi laling'ono (kuyambira 15 mpaka 17 mm). Mapikowo ndi amtundu wa imvi kapena mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni. Ma contours amakhala ndi eyelashes yofewa. Mzere wachikasu kapena woyera umawoneka bwino pamapiko akutsogolo.

Akazi amakhala ndi mthunzi wopepuka wa mapiko kuposa amuna. Kutalika kwa mapiko a gulugufe ndi 13-16 mm. Mkhalidwe wabata, tinyanga ta gulugufe timalozera kutsogolo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi moyo kwa masiku pafupifupi 20, pomwe zazikazi zimafa pakadutsa masiku 30.

njenjete akuyamba yogwira ntchito kumapeto kwa April. Akuluakulu amakhazikika pa mbewu zamasamba za banja la Cruciferous. Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi tizirombo:

Ntchito yaikulu ya njenjete imawonedwa mumdima. Ngati agulugufe awonedwa masana, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa tizilombo ndikokulirapo; kugawa kwawo pazomera kumaposa 20% ya gawo lonse la mbewu zofesedwa. Kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi, agulugufe amagwirizana kwambiri. Tsiku lotsatira, yaikazi imayamba kuikira mazira. Mazira 2-5 amamangiriridwa mkati mwa tsamba ndi katulutsidwe kamene kamapangidwa ndi wamkulu.

Chifukwa cha umuna umodzi, gulugufe amatha kuikira mazira pafupifupi mazana atatu. M’nyengo imodzi yokha, m’nyengo yotentha, yaikazi imabala pafupifupi mibadwo inayi ya ana.

Zizindikiro za maonekedwe

Kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pazamasamba kungadziwike ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• maonekedwe a mazira achikasu mkati mwa tsamba la chomera;
  

  Kabichi njenjete mphutsi.

• kuwonongeka kwa kukhulupirika kwa mapepala a mapepala mu mawonekedwe a mabowo amitundu yosiyanasiyana;
• kukhalapo kwa ukonde womata pa tsinde, mu masamba amutu;
• kukhalapo kwa mphutsi pamwamba pazigawo za zomera.
• Kuthamanga kwa njenjete pa mbewu madzulo ndi usiku.

Zowopsa

Gulugufe wamkulu samawononga mbewu zamasamba. Mbozi ndi njenjete zokha ndi zimene zimatafuna masambawo. Masamba owonongeka amakhala oipitsidwa, pang'onopang'ono kufota ndikugwa. Kukula kwa mbewu ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa zipatso kumachedwetsa. Ngati kuwonongeka kuli kwakukulu, mbewuyo imayamba kuvunda ndi kufa. Mbozi zimasamukira ku mbewu yoyandikana nayo.

Ngati palibe njira zowononga tizilomboti, mphutsi za njenjete zimatha kuwononga chomera chachikulu m'masiku awiri okha. Zinachitika kuti kuukira kwa tizilombo kunawononga minda yonse yogwiriridwa mu sabata imodzi.

Njira zomenyera nkhondo

Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowononga tizilombo kangapo, chifukwa ... Magawo onse akukula kwa tizilombo amapezeka pachomera nthawi imodzi. Mphutsi yomwe yatuluka posachedwapa m’dzira imatetezedwa mwamphamvu ndi mgodi, choncho mankhwala kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sangayivulaze. Mbozi zakale ndizomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala.

Kuti muchotse njenjete, gwiritsani ntchito njira izi:

• agrotechnical;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
• njira za anthu.

Ukadaulo waulimi

Njira za Agronomic zimalepheretsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo ndikuwononga njenjete kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko chawo.

Kuthana ndi tizirombo kumakhala ndi izi:

1. Kasinthasintha wa mbeu. M'madera ofesedwa ndi mbewu za cruciferous, mbewu zamtundu wina zimabzalidwa m'zaka zotsatila.
   

   Bwanji kabichi tsamba.

2. Kusintha kukula kwa mbewu za cruciferous zokhala ndi timitengo tabzala ndi mbewu zina zamasamba. Mwachitsanzo, kuseri kwa mbewu zodyera pali munda wa mbatata kapena mbewu za chimanga.
3. Pambuyo kukolola m'pofunika kuwononga zomera zonse zinyalala.
4. Isanafike isanayambike yozizira, m`pofunika kupanga kulima mozama nthaka. M'chaka, nthawi yomweyo isanayambe ntchito yofesa, chochitikacho chiyenera kubwerezedwa.
5. Kwa nthawi yonse ya kulima cruciferous masamba, m'pofunika mwadongosolo chotsani namsongole zomera.

Alimi odziwa bwino amalangiza kubzala mitundu yoyambirira ya rapeseed kuti kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yolimba.

Njira zamagetsi

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitidwa masiku osachepera 20 isanayambe kukolola. Mankhwala omwe amalowa muzomera amatha kupha anthu.

Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala motsutsana ndi tizirombo kumagawidwa m'magulu angapo, mosiyana ndi momwe zimakhudzira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kabichi njenjete chikwa.

Ntchito kabichi njenjete mphutsi kukhudzana-matumbo ndi zokhudza zonse tizirombo. Poizoni zimalowa m'thupi la mbozi pamodzi ndi zamkati ndi madzi a mmera ndipo zimayambitsa poizoni ndi imfa.

Mankhwala ophera tizilombo amalowetsedwa m’nthaka ndipo, pamodzi ndi zakudya, zimatengedwa ndi mbewu. Pamene njenjete mphutsi kudya poizoni masamba, mankhwala mankhwala mankhwala bwanji tizilombo dongosolo mantha, kuchititsa ziwalo. Tizilombo timafa.

Kuphatikiza pa ma universal chemical control agents omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mitundu yonse ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, palinso gulu lopangidwa mwapadera la mankhwala otchedwa Mankhwala a Lauricides. Iwo amawononga kokha pa mbozi ndi musati ngozi opindulitsa pollinating tizilombo.

Zodziwika kwambiri mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi:

Mukasakaniza mankhwala ndi madzi, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mawu ogwiritsira ntchito. Njira yothirira kwambiri imatha kuwononga mbewu. Popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, muyenera kutsatira njira zodzitetezera: valani magolovesi amphira ndi chopumira.

M'pofunika kuchitira mbewu ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo poganizira za nyengo. Ngati kugwa mvula pambuyo kupopera mankhwala ndi mankhwala, musayembekezere zotsatira zabwino.

Ndikoyenera kubwereza ndondomeko yowonongeka patatha masiku angapo, ngakhale palibe mbozi kapena mazira pamasamba. Nthawi zina mphutsi zing'onozing'ono zimalowa m'matumbo a chipatsocho, ndipo panthawi yofufuza modzidzimutsa sizidziwikiratu.

Kabichi njenjete ndi tizilombo towononga mbewu za cruciferous.

Njira zamoyo

Mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Mankhwala ophera tizilombo Amawononga njenjete za kabichi bwino kuposa mankhwala. Zimaphatikizapo matenda a fungal ndi mabakiteriya a pathogenic omwe amayambitsa imfa ya tizilombo towononga. Kukonzekera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka, kusungunuka ndipo, pamodzi ndi zinthu zina, zimatengedwa ndi mbewu. Patapita nthawi, mabakiteriya okwanira amaunjikana mumadzi a zomera, omwe amawononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa Zidzatenga nthawi kuti mabakiteriya awonongeke. Chifukwa chake, ngati kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kumapitilira milingo yovomerezeka, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala poyamba ndikuphatikiza zotsatira zake pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamoyo. Lepidotsid ndi Baktofit ndizothandiza kwambiri.

Thupi la mbozi limatha kuzolowerana ndi mabakiteriya pakapita nthawi, motero amasinthasintha mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Njira zothandizira

Matenda a njenjete a kabichi atha kupewedwa potengera njira zodzitetezera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:

1. Nthawi zonse bwinobwino anayendera mbewu pamaso pa tizirombo.
2. Kuchotsa udzu panthawi yake osati m'mabedi okhala ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhala chakudya cha njenjete, komanso m'minda yapafupi.
3. Olima ena amabzala fodya mozungulira mbewu zamasamba za banja la Cruciferous, lomwe lili ndi fungo loyipa lomwe limathamangitsa akuluakulu.
4. Mutha kuika chule kapena buluzi m'munda. Mphutsi za agulugufe ndizo gwero lawo lalikulu la chakudya.
5. Kuwaza gawo lomwe lili pamwambapa la mbewuyo ndi masamba a bay, omwe adaphwanyidwa kale kukhala ufa.

Olima ena amaletsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo towononga pogwiritsa ntchito misampha.

Mitundu iwiri ya nyambo imagwiritsidwa ntchito: glued ndi glueless. Msampha wa guluu umaphatikizapo kumangirira chizindikiro chokongola ku agulugufe ku chomera pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomata (mwachitsanzo, chinthu choyera chomwe chimawonekera bwino mumdima).

Msampha wopanda glue umapangidwa ndi pepala wandiweyani kapena makatoni. Zinthuzo zimakulungidwa m’njira yoti gulugufe amene wawulukira mumsampha sangathenso kutulukamo.