Njira 4 zochotsera nsabwe za m'masamba mwachangu komanso mosavuta
Black blood aphid amatchulidwa ngati mtundu wokhazikika. Poyamba, kwawo kunali North America. Komabe, zaka 2 zapitazo, tizilombo tinabweretsedwa ku Ulaya. Tizilomboti dzina lake chifukwa wofiira pigment wa thupi zimakhala.
Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera za black aphid
dzina: Black kapena chitumbuwa aphid
Zaka.:Myzus cerasiMaphunziro: Tizilombo - Insecta
Poyizoni woipa: Hemiptera - Hemiptera
Banja: Nsabwe zenizeni - Aphididae
Malo okhala: | nyengo yabwino | |
Zopadera: | imakhudza kwambiri mitengo yazipatso | |
Zowononga: | Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu mpaka 60% |
Mayendedwe amoyo
Malo a nyengo yozizira ya mphutsi ndi mizu ya mitengo ya maapulo, ming'alu mu khungwa ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Chiyambi cha kuyamwa chikugwirizana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mphutsi. Iwo zili mu korona, akuyamwa madzi ku nkhuni ndi khungwa.
Kuphulika kwa mbande kumachitika kumapeto kwa masika. American elm imakhulupirira kuti ndiyomwe idakhalako ku North America. Ndi pa izo omwe oyambitsa amapangidwa, omwe amapanga mbadwo wamapiko.
Pa kutentha pansi pa madigiri 20 pansi pa ziro, mphutsi zimafa. Kuwuka kumachitika pa 7 digiri Celsius. Pa 14 digiri Celsius, kudya kumayamba. Kukula kumachitika mkati mwa masiku 20-25.
Nthawi yayitali kwambiri ndi masiku 10. Izi ndizotheka kumapeto kwa June - m'ma August. Mbadwo woyamba wochuluka kwambiri. Amatulutsa mphutsi zokwana 200. Mibadwo yotsalayo sipereka anthu oposa 50.
Mphutsi zimatulutsa zazikazi zopanda mapiko. Pa kuswa, pali anthu 150. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, mphutsi zimakhala zazikazi. May ndi nthawi ya maonekedwe a mapiko akazi. M'nyengo yotentha, mphutsi zimakhazikika pamizu ndikupitiriza kukula.
Malo okhala ndi kugawa
Nsabwe zamagazi zimakhala ku Western Baltic, Transcarpathia, madera akumwera kwa Ukraine, Moldova, Caucasus, Central Asia, Western Europe, America, Africa, Australia, ndi Transnistria. Kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, malire a kumpoto ali m'madera omwe kutentha m'nyengo yozizira sikutsika kuposa madigiri 4 pansi pa ziro.
The tiziromboti ndi contraindicated mu chilala. Kuchuluka kwa anthu kumathandizidwa ndi nyengo yachinyontho ndi malo amthunzi.
Kufunika kwachuma
Kuyamwa madzi kumapanga nodular thickenings - tinatake tozungulira. Amakula ndipo zilonda zimawonekera. Mabala omwewo amapezeka pamizu. Zilonda zimadzazidwa ndi mabakiteriya owononga, omwe amatsogolera ku imfa. Mtengo wachikulire patatha zaka zingapo subala zipatso ndipo umatha.
Ku USA, nsabwe zakuda zimadya maapulo, hawthorn, elm, ndi phulusa lamapiri. Ku kontinenti yathu, zikuwopseza mitengo ya maapulo ndi chitumbuwa. Makamaka wachifundo mitundu ya chikhalidwe. Zitha kuwononganso peyala ndi pichesi.
Njira zowongolera ndi kupewa
Pofuna kupewa, onetsetsani kuti mwamasula nthaka ndikuyang'ana zobzala.
- M'pofunika kusunga munda woyera, nthawi zonse chepetsa nsonga ndi kuyeretsa makungwa akale, kuphimba mitengo yakhudzidwa ndi mchenga kapena phulusa kumayambiriro kasupe.
- Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito laimu slaked. Emulsion yamafuta amchere asanatuluke masamba amapereka zotsatira zabwino.
- M'dzinja, amathandizidwa ndi sopo-fodya. Mutha kukopa mdani wachilengedwe. Ichi ndi aphelinus parasite. Amatha kuwononga gulu lonselo.
- Njira mankhwala ikuchitika ntchito pyrethroids, organophosphorus mankhwala, neonicotinoids, mchere mafuta, tizilombo ndi chikonga.
Mutha kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe kapena mankhwala apadera. Muyenera kusankha imodzi yokha Njira 26 zothana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.
Pomaliza
Nsabwe zakuda zimawononga yamatcheri ndi mitengo ya maapulo. Tizilombo zoyamba zikapezeka, njira imodzi imasankhidwa ndipo kulimbana nawo kumayamba. Kupewa panthawi yake kudzateteza kuoneka kwa tizilombo tosafunika.