Wokonda mapira: wodya ufa wofiira
Zaka zambiri zapitazo, ngakhale malonda okangalika a padziko lonse asanayambe, anthu odya ufa wofiira ankakhala mwakachetechete m’nkhalango za m’madera otentha n’kumadya nkhuni zowola. Koma kuyambira nthawi imeneyo dziko lasintha kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zombo zamalonda, mtundu uwu wa tizilombo tafalikira pafupifupi kulikonse ndipo walandira mutu wa tizilombo toopsa kwambiri pazakudya.
Zamkatimu
Ndani ali mukoed wofiira
dzina: Wodya ufa wofiira wa Surinamese
Zaka.: Cryptolestes ferugineus Steph.Maphunziro: Tizilombo - Tizilombo
Gulu: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
Banja: Zovala zazitali - Cucuidae
 | Malo okhala: | m'nyumba |
 | Zowopsa kwa: | chochuluka mankhwala, zouma zipatso |
 | Njira zowonongera: | mankhwala ndi njira wowerengeka |
Chikumbu chofiira cha Surinamese ufa kapena sawtooth grain beetle ndi membala wa banja la sylvanid. Ndi yaying'ono nsikidzi, pafupifupi kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 1,5-2,5 mm.
Thupi limakhala lalitali, lachikasu-lalanje mumtundu ndipo lili ndi tsitsi lalifupi.
Tinyanga za tizilombo timakhala ngati mikanda komanso zazitali, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi utali wofanana ndi thupi.
Odya ufa wofiira amatha kuwuluka bwino chifukwa cha mapiko opangidwa bwino.
Mphutsi zazikulu za mucoed zimatha kufika 3 mm kutalika. Thupi lake ndi lopaka utoto wa kirimu ndipo lili ndi tsitsi lalitali, labwino. Pamimba pamimba pali utoto wofiyira komanso masamba awiri owoneka ngati mbedza.
Chiphuphu chikhoza kukhala theka la kukula kwa mphutsi. Panthawi imeneyi, tizilombo timasunga tsitsi lalitali pathupi, ndi mtundu wa beige wowala. Zomera zooneka ngati mbedza kumapeto kwa mimba zimawongoka ndikukhala ngati spikes.
Malo okhala mucoed wofiira
Kachilombo kameneka kamene kamapezeka m’zakudya n’kodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti poyamba wodya ufa wofiira ankakhala m'madera otentha okha, m'dziko lamakono lasintha bwino kuti azikhala ndi moyo wotentha kwambiri.
Chikumbuchi chinachoka kuthengo n’kukhala pafupi ndi anthu ndipo chinkakhala mlendo wa anthu oterewa malomonga:
- nkhokwe za chakudya;
- nkhokwe;
- mphero;
- zophika buledi;
- mafakitale opangira tirigu ndi ziweto.
Pa gawo la Russia, mucoed angapezeke m'madera otsatirawa:
- Moscow dera ndi mbali European dziko;
- North Caucasus ndi kum'mwera zigawo;
- Ural;
- Siberia;
- Far East.
Komanso, mtundu uwu umafalitsidwa kwambiri kudera la Australia, komanso m'maiko a Mediterranean, Europe ndi Asia.
Choyipa chotani chomwe mucoed wofiira
Odya ufa asanachoke m’madera otentha n’kukhala tizilombo toopsa, zakudya zawo zinkakhala makamaka ndi nkhuni zowola, nkhungu komanso zotulutsa mealybug.
Red mucoed.
Pachifukwa ichi, samasinthidwa kuti azidya mbewu zonse, zolimba ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala m'zipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, kapena komwe tizirombo tina tapitako kale. Main menyu ya ufa wofiira-wodya imakhala ndi zinthu zoterezi:
- ufa wovunda;
- mbewu zowonongeka;
- zipatso zouma ndi masamba;
- mbewu zonyowa ndi mtedza;
- pasitala.
Wodya ufa yemwe adakhazikika m'matangadza mwachangu amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa gulu lake, lomwe, limatsekereza ufa ndi chimanga ndi zinyalala.
Zogulitsa zomwe wodya ufa wofiira adayendera zimakhala zosayenera kudyedwa ndi anthu ndipo zimatha kuwonongedwa kwathunthu.
Momwe wodya ufa wofiira amalowera m'nyumba
Red mucoed.
Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zomwe zimalowa m'nyumba zomwe zili kale ndi kachilomboka, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizikhala ndi mphutsi zazikulu kapena mphutsi, koma mazira ang'onoang'ono a tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri, wodya ufa amalowa m'nyumba ndi zakudya monga:
- chimanga;
- ufa;
- chakudya cha nkhuku ndi nyama.
Nthawi zina, matenda amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha cholakwika cha munthu wamkulu yemwe adawulukira pawindo. Chifukwa cha kukula kwawo ting'onoting'ono, zimakhala zovuta kuziwona nthawi yomweyo, kotero kuti kukhalapo kwa tizilombo kumawonekera pokhapokha pamene zinthu zomwe zili pazitsulo zawonongeka kale.
Momwe mungachotsere wodya ufa wofiira m'nyumba
Pazinthu zamafakitale, anthu nthawi zonse amalimbana ndi odya ufa ndi tizirombo tina, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito za akatswiri pa izi. Koma, ngati wodya ufa atakhazikika pa shelufu yakukhitchini ya nyumba kapena nyumba, ndiye kuti njira iyi ikhoza kukhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Mukawona zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwa kachirombo kakang'ono kameneka, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndi kutaya kapena kuwononga zakudya zonse zowonongeka.
Kuyesera kupeta kapena kusankha chimanga "choyera" sikudzakhala kothandiza, chifukwa mazira a kachilomboka ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri moti n'zosatheka kuzindikira kupezeka kwawo ngakhale mu ufa woyera ngati chipale chofewa. Pokhapokha chakudya m'munsi mwa tizilombo tawonongedwa, mukhoza kupita pamwamba mankhwala.
Mankhwala a anthu
Asanapitirire ku "zojambula zolemera" ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, anthu ambiri amayamba kuyesa kuchotsa tizilombo pogwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe a anthu. Yabwino zotsatira pakati pawo, amapereka zimakhudza tizilombo ndi Fungo lamphamvu. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuyika pa mashelufu:
- adyo cloves ndi mankhusu;
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- mapepala a thonje oviikidwa mu mafuta ofunikira;
- masamba a bay;
- nati;
- zitsamba zouma ndi fungo lamphamvu.
Mankhwala
Ngati chithandizo chamankhwala sichinathandize kuthetsa vutoli, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zotsimikizirika komanso zothandiza zowononga tizilombo m'nyumba ndi:
- Raptor;
- Dichlorvos;
- Kumenyana;
- KUWUKIRA.
Pomaliza
Tsogolo la wodya ufa wofiira ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi mbiri ya Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, yemwenso ankakhala mosasamala mkati mwa kagulu kakang'ono mpaka anthu atasokoneza. Malo oyambirira a odya ufa wofiira anali nkhalango zotentha ndipo sipangakhale funso lililonse la kuvulaza kwake. Koma, m’kupita kwa nthaŵi, tizilomboti tinapita kupyola malo awo achilengedwe ndipo tinazindikira kuti n’kopindulitsa kwambiri kukhala pafupi ndi munthu.
Poyamba