Kodi nkhupakupa zimafika bwanji pa munthu, komwe zimaluma komanso zoyenera kuchita ngati tizilombo taluma, koma osamamatira.

Kodi nkhupakupa imawoneka bwanji

Nkhupakupa zowopsa kwambiri ndi iscod. Ndiwo amene amanyamula matenda oopsa kwa anthu. Wodwala magazi ali ndi thupi lozungulira la bulauni, 8 paws, mutu wawung'ono. Kutalika kwa mkazi mu njala ndi pafupifupi 4 mm, amuna - mpaka 2,5 mm. Tizilombo tomwe timamwa magazi timakula kukula ndi 10-15 mm.

Malo okhala ndi nyengo ya nkhupakupa

Omwa magazi amayamba kuwonetsa zochitika zanyengo pa kutentha kwabwino masana. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito kumayamba pamene kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumafika + 10-15 madigiri. Majeremusi amakonda madambo, mthunzi, chinyezi chambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimene anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, iwo sadziwa kulumpha pamwamba ndi kutali, samakhala m'mitengo. Amadikirira nyama zawo pamasamba aatali a udzu, tchire laling'ono.

Kodi ndi ziwalo ziti zomwe zimathandiza nkhupakupa kupeza nyama?

Nkhupakupa siziwona bwino; mitundu ina ya ixodid ilibe ziwalo za masomphenya. Koma ali ndi malingaliro opangidwa bwino a kununkhiza ndi kukhudza, ndi ziwalozi zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pofufuza wozunzidwa. Ziwalo za kukhudza ndi tsitsi lapadera-sensilas yomwe ili m'thupi lonse la tizilombo.

Mothandizidwa ndi tsitsili, wothira magazi amalandira chidziwitso cha dziko lozungulira: kutentha, chinyezi, ndi zina zotero. Chiwalo chachikulu chonunkhiritsa ndi chiwalo cha Haller, chomwe chili pamiyendo yakutsogolo.

Gawo loyamba la chiwalo cha Galera limakhudzidwa ndi mpweya woipa womwe umatulutsidwa ndi munthu yemwe angavutike. Gawo lachiwiri la Galera limba amalola Mafunso Chongani kumva infuraredi cheza anthu ndi nyama pa mtunda wa theka la mita, komanso kuyankha zigawo zikuluzikulu za fungo wovulalayo.

Kodi nkhupakupa zimasaka kapena kugwera mwangozi pa nyama yake

Ma arthropods akuluakulu okha omwe afika pa msinkhu wa kukula amatha kusaka mwachindunji. Mphutsi ndi nymphs sangathe kusuntha mtunda wautali, kukwawira pa masamba a udzu, koma amakhala pansi, zinyalala zamasamba ndipo amatha kukwera mwangozi mbalame, makoswe ndi nyama zina zazing'ono, ndipo kuchokera kwa iwo amapita ku nyama yaikulu.

The limagwirira kuukira nkhupakupa ndi structural zida zawo pakamwa

Zomwe amachita ndikupeza malo abwino ndikudikirira. Mwamsanga pamene bloodsucker imagwira zolimbikitsa za munthu yemwe angakhale wozunzidwa, gawo lachiwiri la kuukira limayamba - logwira ntchito.

Nkhupakupa imatembenukira ku chinthu chokondweretsedwa ndipo imapanga mayendedwe oscillatory ndi zikhadabo zake zakutsogolo mpaka kukhudzana ndi wolandirayo kumachitika.

Ma subspecies ena amatha kutsata nyama. Izi zimachitika pamene tizilombo timatenga zolimbikitsa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma chinthucho sichimayandikira. Pankhaniyi, nkhupakupa akhoza kugwa pa malo kuyembekezera ndi kugonjetsa angapo mamita.

Atakumana ndi wolandirayo, tizilombo timamatira mothandizidwa ndi mbedza, spikes ndi bristles. Ziwalo zimenezi zimathandiza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyende pamodzi ndi nyamayo, komanso kuti tizikhala pamalopo kwa nthawi yaitali poyesa kuigwedeza.

Zida zapakamwa za tizilombo tating'onoting'ono zimapangidwira mwapadera, zomwe zimalola kuti zimamatire mwamphamvu pakhungu, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zosazindikirika ndi wozunzidwayo. Chiwalocho chimakhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: mano akuthwa olunjika kumbuyo, pedipalps, chelicerae, proboscis-hypostome.

Kodi nkhupakupa zimaluma kuti?

Nkhupakupa zimatha kuluma kulikonse, koma malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi omwe amakhala ndi magazi abwino komanso khungu lochepa thupi. Ana nthawi zambiri amalumidwa pamutu, pamene akuluakulu, kulumidwa ndi mbali imeneyi ya thupi kumakhala kosowa kwambiri. Anthu azaka zopitilira 16 nthawi zambiri amalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa m'zigawo zotsatirazi za thupi:

• chigawo cha inguinal, matako;
• mapewa, kumtunda mikono mkati;
• kumbuyo kwa khosi;
• mtundu wa popliteal.

Kodi kuluma nkhupakupa kumawoneka bwanji

Kuluma kwa tiziromboti kumafanana ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo tina. Pakhungu pali malo ofiira ozungulira. Nthawi zina mawonekedwe amatha kukhala oval kapena malowo amakhala osakhazikika.

Malangizo azomwe mungachite pambuyo polumidwa ndi nkhupakupa ngati sinamamatire

Kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ndi nkhupakupa kumayenderana mwachindunji ndi nthawi yoyamwa magazi. Koma mutha kutenga kachilomboka ngakhale nkhupakupa idangokwawa pakhungu. Choncho, ngati tizilombo walumidwa, muyenera yomweyo kuchitapo kanthu.

Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana mkati mwa maola 72 mutatha kulumidwa, m'pofunika kumwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu mlingo woperekedwa ndi dokotala. Komanso, dokotala akhoza kupereka mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Thandizo loyamba la kuluma

Thandizo loyamba kwa wozunzidwa liyenera kuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:

1. Lumikizanani ndi chipatala chapafupi. Madokotala adzachotsa tizilombo popanda kupweteka, zomwe zingathandize kupewa zovuta.
2. Ngati palibe chipatala pafupi, chotsani bloodsucker nokha. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mutu wa nkhupakupa usakhale pansi pa khungu.
3. Ikani tiziromboti mu chidebe chokhala ndi chivindikiro cholimba. Pasanathe masiku awiri ayenera kupita ku labotale kuti akawunike kuti akafufuze za matenda.
4. Thirani mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali pafupi: ayodini, mowa, zobiriwira bwino, hydrogen peroxide.
5. Pitani kuchipatala msanga.

Komwe mungapite kukalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa

Tizilombo timene timayenera kutumizidwa kuti tikawunike pasanathe masiku a 2 pambuyo polumidwa. Zikapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilombo, chithandizo chanthawi yake chidzawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi zotsatira zabwino.

Matupi akalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa

Akalumidwa, thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi ma enzymes a malovu a parasite amatha kuchitika. Poyamba, zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi kuwonekera kwa borreliosis, koma mosiyana ndi matendawa, ziwengo ndizotsatira zotetezeka. Zochita zitha kuchitika mkati mwa maola 48 mutalumidwa. Zizindikiro za Allergy zikuphatikizapo:

• kuyabwa, kuyabwa, kuyabwa pamodzi ndi kuluma;
• kung'amba ndi kufiira kwa maso;
• kusokonekera kwa mphuno.

Zizindikiro pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa komanso matenda a encephalitis opangidwa ndi nkhupakupa

Matenda a encephalitis opangidwa ndi nkhupakupa sangadziwike nthawi yomweyo - palibe kusintha komwe kumachitika pamalo olumidwa. Kachilombo kamalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi magazi, zizindikiro zimawonekera pa nthawi ya kubereka kwa kachilomboka, nthawi zambiri mu sabata yachiwiri itatha kuluma. Gawo loyamba la matendawa lili ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• malungo;
• mutu;
• kupweteka kwa minofu.

Panthawi imeneyi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kuthana ndi kachilomboka pachokha, kapena gawo lachiwiri la chitukuko cha matendawa limayamba:

• mutu pachimake pakhosi;
• kuphwanya ntchito zamagalimoto;
• Photophobia;
• kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira.

Vuto lokhala ndi nkhupakupa ndi matenda oopsa omwe nthawi zina amatsogolera kulumala kapena kufa.

Chithandizo cha encephalitis chokhala ndi nkhupakupa

Palibe chithandizo chapadera cha matenda a encephalitis ofalitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa; chithandizo ndi chothandizira. Mankhwala a antipyretic, droppers, physiotherapy, massage amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zizindikiro pambuyo pa nkhupakupa kuluma ndi matenda borreliosis ndi matenda a lyme

Matenda a Lyme ali ndi magawo atatu akukula, iliyonse ili ndi zizindikiro zake:

Chithandizo cha borreliosis

Chithandizo cha antibacterial chagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochiza matenda a Lyme. Kuchiza matenda pamlingo wapamwamba sikupambana nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa

M'pofunika kuganizira za momwe mungadzitetezere ku matenda opatsirana ndi nkhupakupa ngakhale isanayambe nyengo ya ntchito yawo. Miyeso iyenera kukhala ndi izi:

1. Katemera. Katemera amakulolani kuti mupange chitetezo cholimba cha encephalitis yopangidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Katemera woyamba amaperekedwa nyengo isanayambe, yachiwiri - pambuyo pa miyezi 1-3, yachitatu - patapita chaka.
2. Inshuwaransi yazaumoyo. Ndikosatheka kupeza mankhwala aulere oletsa matenda a encephalitis pansi pa inshuwaransi yokakamiza yaumoyo, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kugula ndondomeko yapadera yomwe mungapeze immunoglobulin ngati mwadzidzidzi mwadzidzidzi.
3. Zovala zoteteza ndi njira. Poyenda m'malo omwe nkhupakupa zimakonda kukhala, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zodzitetezera zapadera ndikusankha zovala zoyenera.