Spider mite pa nkhaka: chithunzi cha tizilombo towopsa komanso malangizo osavuta oteteza mbewu
Zamkatimu
- Kodi akangaude amawoneka bwanji
- Zifukwa za tiziromboti
- Zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwa kangaude pa nkhaka
- Kodi nkhupakupa imawononga bwanji zomera?
- Momwe mungathanirane ndi akangaude pa nkhaka
- Zomwe zimalimbana ndi nkhupakupa mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso kutchire
- Njira zothandizira
- Malangizo kuchokera odziwa wamaluwa
Kodi akangaude amawoneka bwanji
Kukula kwa pincer mpaka 1 mm. Mtundu wa thupi ndi:
- chofiira;
- wobiriwira;
- chikasu
- lalanje.
Amuna amakhala ndi thupi lalitali komanso lozimiririka. Zazikazi ndi zazikulu. Iwo akhoza kufika 2 mm kutalika.
Mphutsi ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira kapena zobiriwira ndi mawanga ofiirira. Pali mawanga akuda m'mbali. Zazikazi ndi zachonde. M'maola ochepa amatha kuikira mazira 500.
Zifukwa za tiziromboti
Mu greenhouses, zinthu zimakhala bwino kwambiri pakubala nkhupakupa. Zifukwa za mawonekedwe:
- mlingo wochepa wa chinyezi;
- kusatsata kasinthasintha wa mbewu;
- wandiweyani kubzala chikhalidwe;
- kusayenda bwino kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwa kangaude pa nkhaka
Miyeso ya Microscopic imalola tizirombo kubisala kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, n’zovuta kuzizindikira. Zizindikiro zowonongeka:
- kukhalapo kwa intaneti;
- mawonekedwe a soot bowa ndi mawanga akuda;
- chikasu cha masamba ndi kupindika;
- mawonekedwe a kuvunda.
Kodi nkhupakupa imawononga bwanji zomera?
Kangaude amakhazikika pansi pa tsambalo. Iwo amaboola epidermis ndi kuyamwa madzi. Choopsa china chagona pa kuswana msanga kwa nkhupakupa. Tizilombo timawononga tchire ndikupanga ukonde. Chikhalidwe chatha, chimauma ndi kufa.
Momwe mungathanirane ndi akangaude pa nkhaka
Mutha kuwononga tizirombo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, biological, wowerengeka azitsamba. Komanso, njira za agrotechnical ndi zodzitetezera zidzateteza kuukira kwa majeremusi.
Mankhwala
Mankhwala othandizira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ambiri komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Amatha kusamalira anthu ambiri. Zina mwa izo ndi poizoni. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zodzitetezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza.
Biopreparation
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a akangaude pa nkhaka amasiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chawo komanso chilengedwe. Pambuyo pokonza, zinthu zachilengedwe zimawola ndipo sizivulaza chilengedwe.
Mankhwala a anthu
Folk njira ntchito kupewa ndi yaing`ono matenda nkhupakupa.
| Mankhwala | Gwiritsani ntchito |
|---|---|
| Kulowetsedwa adyo | Mitu 4 ya adyo imaphwanyidwa ndikuwonjezeredwa ku madzi okwanira 1 litre. Kuumirira 2 masiku. Musanagwiritse ntchito, tsitsani ndi madzi mofanana. Utsi mbewu ndi kulowetsedwa mu youma bata nyengo. |
| Anyezi kulowetsedwa | 0,1 kg ya peel ya anyezi imasakanizidwa ndi malita 5 a madzi ndikusiya kwa masiku asanu. Musanagwiritse ntchito, kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi kumagwedezeka ndipo chikhalidwe chimatsitsidwa. Mutha kuwonjezera sopo wochapira kuti zolembazo zikhale bwino. |
| Mpiru wa mpiru | 60 g wa ufa wa mpiru umachepetsedwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Siyani kwa masiku atatu. Pambuyo pake, masamba amawathira. |
| Alder decoction | 0,2 makilogalamu a alder mwatsopano kapena youma anawonjezera 2 malita a madzi otentha. Kuphika kwa mphindi 30 pa moto wochepa. Pambuyo kuzirala, siyani kwa maola 12. Utsi mbewu. |
| Dandelion decoction | 0,1 makilogalamu a dandelion masamba ndi rhizomes finely akanadulidwa. Onjezerani madzi okwanira 1 litre. Siyani kuti mulowe kwa maola atatu. Kupsyinjika ndi utsi masamba. |
| Phulusa la nkhuni ndi fumbi la fodya | Phulusa la nkhuni ndi fumbi la fodya limasakanizidwa mu magawo ofanana. Kuwaza mbewu kawiri pa nyengo. 1 sq.m imadalira 0,1 kg ya ufa. |
| Sopo wobiriwira | 0,4 malita a sopo wobiriwira amathiridwa mumtsuko wamadzi. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa tchire. |
| Sopo wochapa zovala | 0,2 kg ya sopo wochapira amawonjezeredwa ku ndowa yamadzi. Masamba amatsukidwa ndi yankho ili. |
| Tar sopo | 0,1 kg ya sopo wa sulfure-tar imasakanizidwa ndi malita 10 a madzi. Thirani mankhwala pa chikhalidwe. |
| Mowa wa Ammonia | 1 tbsp ammonia amathiridwa mu chidebe chamadzi. Uza masamba mbali zonse. |
| Capsicum | 3 nyemba za tsabola zimaphwanyidwa ndikuwonjezeredwa ku 5 malita a madzi. Siyani zolembazo kwa masiku atatu. Pambuyo kupsyinjika, pukutani masamba. |
Njira za Agrotechnical
Chitetezo chabwino ndi chisamaliro mu wowonjezera kutentha zidzateteza tizirombo. Agronomists amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira za agrotechnical:
- nthawi yake madzi chikhalidwe;
- perekani feteleza zamchere ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous;
- mpweya wowonjezera kutentha;
- kumasula nthaka;
- kuwongolera mlingo wa nayitrogeni;
- udzu wa udzu;
- khalani patali mukatera;
- mankhwala nthaka mutakolola;
- chotsani pamwamba pa nthaka.
Zomwe zimalimbana ndi nkhupakupa mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso kutchire
The peculiarity polimbana ndi tiziromboti ndi kuti Mafunso Chongani salola mkulu chinyezi. Komanso silingathe kupirira kutentha kwambiri. Pa kutentha kwa madigiri 30, nthata sizidya chikhalidwe. Poonjezera chinyezi ndi kutentha, mukhoza kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Pamalo otseguka, kukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa malinga ndi malangizo. Folk infusions ndi decoctions mankhwala 1 nthawi 2 milungu.
Njira zothandizira
Kutenga njira zodzitetezera kudzateteza kuukira kwa ma parasite. Kupewa:
- fufuzani mkati mwa mapepala;
- kukopa mdani wachilengedwe - phytoseiulus mite. Itha kugulidwa m'sitolo yapadera yamaluwa;
- kukumba nthaka m'chaka;
- kuwononga udzu;
- tomato amabzalidwa pakati pa tchire la nkhaka;
- samalani kasinthasintha wa mbeu.
Malangizo kuchokera odziwa wamaluwa
Malangizo ochepa kuchokera kwa odziwa bwino dimba:
- ndi bwino kukonza chikhalidwe m'mawa ndi madzulo;
- musanayambe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa zipatso zakupsa;
- yambani kukonza kuchokera mkati mwa pepala;
- kukonzekera kumasankhidwa malinga ndi gawo lina la chitukuko cha nkhupakupa;
- pa kutentha kwa madigiri 12 mpaka 20, zomera zimathiriridwa 1 nthawi mu masabata awiri, kupitirira madigiri 2 - 20 nthawi m'masiku 1.