Nsabwe za m’madzi: zimakhala m’malo ati, zimadya chiyani komanso zimawopsa bwanji kwa anthu, nyama kapena zomera

Wolemba nkhaniyi
288 malingaliro
5 min. za kuwerenga

Nkhupakupa nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mayiwe am'deralo ndipo ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta m'dziwe. Nsomba mite ndi mlenje wabwino yemwe amayenda mwachangu m'madzi, potero amathamangitsa nyama yake bwino. Pali mitundu yambiri ya nthata ndipo iliyonse imavulaza m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, mite ya nsomba nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi tiziromboti m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi ndi m'mayiwe apadera.

Nsomba madzi mite zambiri zambiri

Nthata zamadzi zimatchedwa arachnids, ambiri a iwo amakhala pamtunda, ali ndi mapapo, miyendo inayi ya miyendo, ndipo mulibe tinyanga m'madzi. Nthata zamadzi zimasiyana ndi arachnids wamba; sizikhala pamtunda, komanso pafupi ndi madzi. Mitundu zikwi ziwiri za nthata zamadzi zapezeka ndikuphunziridwa; mitundu 450 yokha ya nthata zamadzi zomwe zapezeka mu CIS.

Maonekedwe

Nthata zamadzi zimasiyanitsidwa pang'ono ndi nkhupakupa yachibadwa ndipo zimakhala ndi mtundu wina wa thupi, thupi limapangidwa ndi mimba ndi mutu, zimakhala ndi miyendo 4, pafupifupi mamilimita atatu. Pakamwa kapena nsagwada mu kukula mite, miyendo ndi mbedza ndi bristles, ndi peyala imodzi kapena awiri a maso. Nthata zamadzi zimatha kuyenda bwino m'madzi. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti nkhupakupa zimawona bwino ndipo zimawona zonse bwinobwino ngakhale m’madzi auve.

Thupi la mite madzi

Nthata zam'madzi zimakhala ndi miyendo 8 yokhala ndi msana ndi tsitsi kumapeto, zomwe zimawathandiza kusuntha ndikugwira chakudya. Thupi limakhala ndi mimba ndi cephalothorax; poyang'ana koyamba, cephalothorax sikuwoneka pamimba yaikulu yokha. Nkhupakupa zimadya chelicerae kuchokera ku pedipalps.  
Pedipalps sapatsa wovulalayo mwayi wothawa nsagwada, chelicera imatulutsa chivundikiro choteteza cha nyama ndikuyamwa chakudya chawo chonse. Nsabwe za m'madzi zimapuma ndi matupi awo, zimatenga mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi. Adzatha kukhala otsika ndende ya okosijeni m'madzi.

Nthata zam'madzi zimakhala ndi dimorphism yogonana, ndipo zazikazi kapena zazimuna zimatha kusiyana kukula ngakhale zili zamtundu womwewo. Komanso, iwo alibe kwathunthu circulatory dongosolo. Komanso nkhupakupa zilibe matumbo akumbuyo, chiwalochi chimalowa m'malo mwa chimbudzi chomwe chili pamwamba pa matumbo a nkhupakupa.

Mayendedwe amoyo

Pafupifupi kukhalapo kwa mite yamadzi ndi pafupifupi chaka. Nkhupakupa zimaswana m'nyengo yachisanu m'nyengo yozizira, ntchito za nkhupakupa ndizochepa kapena zili mu nymphal stage.

Koma nkhupakupa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimaswana mosiyana. Mitundu yaamuna ya Piona imangosambira ndikuyang'ana yaikazi yoti ibereke, yaikazi ikapezeka, yaimuna imatsitsa matumba ake m’thumba lapadera pamimba pake ndi kutulutsa madzi amadzi a soya ndikuwalowetsa m’bowo la maliseche a mkaziyo, motero amabala ana.
Amuna amtundu wachiwiri wa Arrhenurus amachita zinthu mosiyana. Nthawi zambiri zazikazi zamtunduwu zimakhala zazikulu kuposa zazimuna. Amuna akamaona mkazi amangomamatira kumunsi kwa yaikazi. Akamamatira yaimuna kwa yaikazi, kukweretsa kumachitika ndipo madzi amadzimadzi amalowa m'njira ya mkazi.

Kusaka ndi chakudya

Chelicerae ndi pedipalps zimathandiza kuyamwa ndi kusunga chakudya cha nkhupakupa. Amagwira wovulalayo pafupi ndi pakamwa, ndi zikhadabo za nkhupakupa kuboola khungu kapena chitinous chipolopolo, kenako madzi nkhupakupa imayamwa nyama.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthata zamadzi ndi malo awo okhala

Anthu ambiri amaona nkhupakupa ngati tizilombo, koma mitundu yonse ya nkhupakupa imatchedwa arachnids. Pali mitundu iwiri ya nthata za hydracarine. Mtundu woyamba wa Hydrachnidae umakhala m'madzi abwino, ndipo wachiwiri Halacaridae amakhala m'madzi. Mitundu ya ma hydracarines imaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa XNUMX ya nkhupakupa, zonse zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana.

Nsabwe za m'madzi

Mitundu yotereyi imakhala m'madzi abwino monga maiwe, mitsinje, madambo, nyanja. Mitundu ya Hydrachnidae ndi yolusa ndipo imadya zooplankton. Komanso, iwo momasuka kupirira kutentha, n'zosavuta kugunda mu madzi oundana (ngati ayezi wosweka). Mitundu yamadzi am'madzi ndi yosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi ena onse, ali ndi thupi lokongola. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya Hydrachnidae:

Hydracarini amakhala m'madzi am'nyanja

Atax ypsilophorus amakhala m'madzi a m'nyanja amasiyana kutalika kuchokera ku 8 millimeters ndi miyendo yawo yayikulu yomwe amasuntha nayo mwachangu pamwamba pamadzi. Amakhala ndi buluu wonyezimira m'mimba. Amapezeka pafupi ndi gombe ndipo amadya molluscs wa bivalve. Atax ypsilophorus ndi chilombo chabwino kwambiri chokhala ndi miyendo yayitali yokhala ndi ma serrations kumapeto komwe imaukira nyama yake. Njira yakuukira kwa Atax ypsilophorus mite ndi yofanana ndi akangaude akumtunda.

Kuopsa kwa nthata zamadzi ndi kuopsa kwawo kwa anthu

Nsomba mite ndi nyama yodya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma siika chiopsezo kwa anthu. Thupi la munthu siloyenera ku mite yamadzi ndipo alibe chidwi.

Ndipo posambira m'mayiwe, musadandaule kuti nkhupakupa idzamamatira ku mbali ya thupi kapena kulowa m'thupi.

Kwa anthu ena ang'onoang'ono okhala m'madamu, nkhupakupa ndizowopsa. Kwa nkhupakupa, zamoyo zonse zazing'ono zimakhudzidwa.

Kodi pali chowopsa kwa ziweto

Ziweto, komanso anthu, nsomba mite si owopsa. Thupi la nyama siloyenera kukhala ndi moyo wa nkhupakupa. Galu kapena mphaka akhoza kusambira bwinobwino m’dziwe kapena m’madzi ena osagwira nkhupakupa. Koma muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti chiweto chimatha kunyamula nkhupakupa wamba yomwe ingabweretse matenda m'thupi la chiweto chanu. Ndipo nthawi zonse mukamayenda, tanthauzirani molakwika chiweto chanu ngati nkhupakupa wamba.

Nkhupakupa M'MADZI. KODI NYAMA ZA MADZI NDI ZOopsa?

Nthata zam'madzi mu aquarium kapena dziwe ndi momwe mungachotsere

Nthawi zambiri matenda m'madzi am'madzi kapena dziwe amachokera ku dothi losamutsidwa kapena kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe chimalowa m'dziwe. Mazira a parasite amatha kupezeka muzakudya kapena m'nthaka. Majeremusi amawononga kwambiri anthu okhala m'madzi am'madzi kapena posungira. Ndikokwanira kungokumana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda; imasiyana ndi china chilichonse mumtundu wake pathupi. Kuti muwachotse muyenera:

  1. Timasuntha onse okhala mu aquarium kupita ku chidebe china ndikuwayang'ana ngati pali tizilombo.
  2. Kuchotsa aquarium filler. Mazira a nthata amapezeka m'nthaka.
  3. Ndi siponji ndi sopo, pukutani padziko lonse lapansi komanso nthawi zonse pamakona a aquarium. Titatha kutsuka aquarium kuchokera ku madzi a mil.
  4. Zokongoletsera za aquarium ziyenera kukonzedwa kapena kuwiritsa kwa mphindi zopitilira 5.
  5. Thirani nthaka yatsopano mu aquarium.

Ngati dziwe lakhudzidwa, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwapadera komwe kudzawononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi.

 Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala chlorophos

Chlorophos iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kuti musadzivulaze nokha komanso dziwe. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito chlorophos:

  1. Kuti mankhwalawa agwire ntchito, mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitidwa pa kutentha kosachepera 25 degrees.
  2. Mukakonza, gwiritsani ntchito njira zonse zodzitetezera ku chemistry.
  3. Ngati pali matenda a ziwalo za mtima dongosolo, ndikoletsedwa kuchita ndi chinthu.
  4. Pangani yankho mumsewu, kapena mpweya wabwino m'malo.
  5. Ikani pambali ya leeward.

Mankhwalawa amawononga osati nthata za nsomba ndi zooplankton, zomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya.

Poyamba
NkhupakupaMomwe mungachotsere nkhupakupa kunyumba ndi zomwe mungachite mutachotsa tizilomboti
Chotsatira
NkhupakupaOrnithonyssus bacoti: kupezeka m'nyumba, zizindikiro pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi njira zothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
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