Chifukwa chiyani mite ndi yobiriwira: momwe mtundu wa tizilombo umapereka zakudya zake
Sayansi imadziŵa mitundu 54 ya nkhupakupa zomwe zimatha kupatsira matenda mwa kulumidwa ndi munthu, nyama, ndi zomera. Pakati pa mitundu yambirimbiri, pali nthata zobiriwira, kapena akangaude, omwe ndi oopsa ku zomera za m'munda ndi m'nyumba. Nkhupakupa imakhazikika pamasamba a zomera ndikumamwa madzi ake.
Zamkatimu
Zomwe zimatsimikizira mtundu wa nkhupakupa
Mtundu wa thupi la nkhupakupa umadalira malo okhala, mtundu wa nkhupakupa ndi mtundu wa chakudya. Mnyamata wa kangaude amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, akamakula, amasintha kukhala achikasu. Mtundu wa tizilombo umatsimikizira siteji ya chitukuko chake.
Chitukuko ndi kubereka
Pa nthawi ya moyo wake, yaikazi imaikira mazira oposa 1000. Zomangamanga zimamangiriridwa kumunsi kwa nkhope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzizindikira panthawi yake. Kuti atetezedwe, mazirawo amakutidwa ndi uta.
Mzunguliro wa moyo wa nkhupakupa.
Magawo atatu akukula kwa mite yobiriwira:
- Larva.
- Nymph.
- Wachikulire.
Mphutsi imakhala ndi mtundu wopepuka, imadya kuyamwa kwa mbewu ndipo imakula mwachangu. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti mphutsi ili ndi miyendo 4 yokha, 4 inawonekera pa gawo lotsatira la chitukuko - nymph. Gawo lomaliza la moyo wa arthropods: tizilombo timatenga mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa munthu wokhwima pakugonana, cholinga chachikulu ndi chakudya. Pambuyo pa masiku 10-20, mphutsi imasandulika kukhala wamkulu wokhoza kubereka.
Habitat
Tizilomboti timakhazikika pansi pa tsamba. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimachitika poboola ndikulowa mu cell cell. The zimakhala kufewetsa kumasulidwa kwa chinthu chapadera ndi Mafunso Chongani, madzi aumbike, amene tizilombo amadya.
Waukulu mitundu ya wobiriwira nthata
Maonekedwe a nkhupakupa akhoza kukhala achinyengo, nkhalango kapena taiga nkhupakupa, mu maonekedwe amawoneka ngati kangaude. Ali ndi njala, amawonetsa mtundu wobiriwira, wachikasu kapena wotuwa. N'zotheka kuwasiyanitsa wina ndi mzake mwa mawonekedwe a proboscis, koma izi zikhoza kuwonedwa kudzera mu galasi lokulitsa. Kulumidwa ndi taiga ndi nkhalango kumapha anthu ndi nyama.
Ndi zomera ziti zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tiziromboti?
Nkhupakupa zimakonda kukhazikika pamitengo ya zipatso - mwachitsanzo, monga mitengo ya maapulo, yamatcheri kapena phulusa lamapiri, mbewu za m'munda - nyemba, nkhaka, beets, biringanya, etc., komanso pa azaleas ndi maluwa opopera.
Kwa anthu ndi nyama, nkhupakupa zobiriwira siziwopsyeza mwachindunji, koma zimanyamula mabakiteriya ena ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Njira Zowononga Tizirombo
Ngati mite yobiriwira imapezeka pazigawo za zomera, m'pofunika kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. Nkhupakupa zimafalikira pachomera chonsecho, kukhulupirika kwa masamba ndi mphukira kumaphwanyidwa, njira zamkati zimagwa - kukula ndi chitukuko zimachepa, ndipo mbewuyo imafa mosasamala.
Mankhwala a anthu
Pali wowerengeka azitsamba kulamulira tizilombo. Njirayi ndi yoyenera pamiyeso yoyamba yolimbana ndi akangaude. Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chemistry, mbewu zimatha kuthandizidwa ndi njira zotsatirazi.
| Yankho la sopo | Njira yothetsera sopo wochapira kapena chotsukira mbale ndiyoyenera. |
| Potaziyamu permanganate | Imachotsa tizirombo ndikuletsa kuyikira mazira pamasamba. |
| fumbi la fodya | Msuzi umapangidwa pasadakhale kuchokera pazosakaniza zomalizidwa zomwe zidagulidwa m'sitolo, mutha kuwonjezera sopo wochapira. |
Biopreparation
Pazochitika zadzidzidzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zili zotetezeka komanso zothandiza.
Mankhwala
Kuti awononge nthata m'nyumba kapena m'munda, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kupewa kuwonongeka kwa zomera ndi nthata zobiriwira
Monga njira yodzitetezera ku nthata zobiriwira, ndikofunikira kusunga ukhondo ndi chinyezi chambiri mchipindacho. Onetsetsani kutentha. Perekani mbewuyo ndi kuthirira koyenera, kupewa kuola, ndikudyetsa nthaka ndi feteleza wothandiza panthawiyo. Chitetezo chokwanira cha zomera chidzawapatsa mphamvu yolimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuti asatenge matenda.
Poyamba