Chifukwa chiyani nthaka mumphika imakutidwa ndi zokutira zoyera komanso momwe mungapewere nkhungu
Ambiri okonda mbewu zamkati awona zokutira zoyera pansi kamodzi. Chochitika chosasangalatsa choterechi ndi chowopsa pakukula bwino komanso kukula kwa "zinyama zobiriwira", kotero aliyense wodziwa maluwa amangoyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi njira zothanirana nazo.
Zamkatimu
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolembera zoyera mumiphika yamaluwa
Kuphimba koyera pamwamba pa nthaka mumphika wamaluwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro cha nkhungu. Khungulo limatha kukhala loyera kapena lofiirira ndipo limawoneka ngati lofewa. Zomwe zimayambitsa nkhungu pakhoza kukhala angapo padziko lapansi:
- zolemetsa zikuchokera nthaka;
White nkhungu pansi.
- kusowa kwa ngalande ndi mabowo pansi pa mphika;
- kuthirira kosayenera kwa mbewu;
- feteleza wochuluka m'nthaka;
- kukula kwa mphika wosankhidwa molakwika kwa mbewu;
- pogwiritsa ntchito dothi loipitsidwa ndi fungal spores.
Kodi nkhungu yowopsa kwa chomera ndi chiyani
Ndikofunikira kulimbana ndi nkhungu yomwe yawonekera pansi nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuwonongeka zitadziwika. Bowa ndi wowopsa kwa mbewu ndipo zitha kubweretsa zotsatirazi:
- nkhungu imasokoneza mayamwidwe a zakudya ndi zomera;
- pali mavuto ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya m'nthaka ndipo, chifukwa chake, mizu ya zomera imavutika;
- bowa padziko lapansi kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kutulutsa chinyezi ndipo chifukwa cha izi, kuvunda kwa mizu kumayamba;
- muzochitika zapamwamba, bowa limatha kubweretsa kufa kwathunthu kwa mbewu.
Momwe mungachotsere nkhungu mumiphika yamaluwa
Kulimbana ndi bowa woopsa kungathe kuchitidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhala zothandiza mwa njira yake.
Njira yamakina imaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa nthaka yoipitsidwa pamwamba ndi kuyika nthaka yatsopano yoyera m'malo mwake. Ngati matenda oyamba ndi fungus ndi amphamvu kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndikosavuta kuyika mbewuyo mumphika watsopano pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi loyera.
Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kumasula dothi pafupipafupi ndikuthirira bwino. Gawo latsopano la madzi liyenera kuwonjezeredwa mumphika pokhapokha pamwamba pa nthaka yauma.
Kuphatikizika kwa zida zapadera zokhala ndi bactericidal m'nthaka kumathandizira kuchotsa bowa. Ogwira ntchito kwambiri, olima maluwa amalingalira ntchito sphagnum moss ndi makala.
Komanso, polimbana ndi nkhungu, mankhwalawa adawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Mankhwala "Fitosporin".. Lili ndi mabakiteriya opindulitsa apadera omwe amalepheretsa maonekedwe a zowola ndi bowa.
Njira yodziwika bwino yolimbana ndi nkhungu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito citric acid. Kuti muchite izi, mukamathirira mbewu, madzi a mandimu kapena citric acid amawonjezeredwa m'madzi. Njira yotereyi imakhudza bwino mbewuyo ndipo imawononga bowa.
Kupewa nkhungu m'miphika yamaluwa
Nkhungu panthaka nthawi zonse imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pa thanzi la mbewu, choncho ndi bwino kupewa kuti zisawonekere. Pofuna kupewa nkhungu m'nthaka mumiphika yamaluwa, malangizo awa adzakuthandizani:
- perekani chidwi kwambiri paulamuliro wa ulimi wothirira ndikuletsa kuthirira kwamadzi m'nthaka;
- gwiritsani ntchito miphika yamaluwa yokhala ndi mabowo apadera pansi;
- onetsetsani kuti mwayala wosanjikiza wa ngalande pansi pa mphika musanabzale;
Pangani nkhungu pansi mumphika wamaluwa.
- kuthirira mbewuyo ndi madzi ofewa okha;
- pobzala mbewu zatsopano, gwiritsani ntchito mphika wa kukula koyenera;
- kumasula nthaka mumphika nthawi zambiri momwe mungathere;
- gwiritsani ntchito dothi lapamwamba poikamo;
- kamodzi pamwezi, thirirani nthaka ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate;
- mulch nthaka mumphika wamaluwa ndi mchenga, makala kapena dongo lokulitsa.
Pomaliza
Ngakhale kuti maluwa amkati amakhala m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana komanso tizilombo toononga. Nkhungu panthaka ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri ndipo kuyamba kwanthawi yake kwamankhwala kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zosasangalatsa kwa mbewuyo.
