Momwe Mungapewere ndi Kuchotsa Nsikidzi za Squash (Zikumbu) M'munda Wanu

Tizilombo towononga izi nthawi zambiri timadya maungu ambiri, nkhaka ndi sikwashi. Umu ndi momwe mungachotsere nsikidzi za squash pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsimikizika za organic.

Nsikidzi za squash ndi tizilombo towononga zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadya maungu, nkhaka ndi sikwashi nthawi yachisanu.

Chodziwika bwino komanso chofala ku North America, kachilombo ka squash (Anasa tristis) ndi vuto lomwe lingakhalepo kwa mbewu zonse zamasamba za banja la Cucurbitaceae.

Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwaunyinji ndipo amakonda kusonkhana pamasamba, mipesa ndi zipatso.

Zowonongeka zimayambitsidwa ndi nymphs ndi akuluakulu poyamwa madzi kuchokera ku masamba ndi mipesa ya sikwashi, maungu, nkhaka ndi zomera zina zogwirizana kwambiri.

Akamadyetsa, amabaya jekeseni wapoizoni womwe umachititsa kuti zomera zomwe zalowamo zifote. Akadyetsedwa kwambiri, masamba amasanduka akuda, osalala ndi kufa.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "anasa wilt," omwe amafanana kwambiri ndi bacterial wilt, matenda enieni a zomera.

Zomera zazing'ono zimatha kufa, pomwe zokulirapo nthawi zambiri zimachira zikasiya kudyetsa. Kudwala kwambiri kungalepheretse kupanga zipatso.

Werengani kuti mudziwe kuti squash bug ndi chiyani, komanso momwe mungadziwire ndikuchichotsa.

Kodi squash bug ndi chiyani?

Tizilombo ta squash (Anasa tristis) ndi tizilombo tomwe timapezeka pamitengo ya sikwashi (choncho dzina), monga sikwashi, sikwashi, ndi sikwashi.

Amadya timadziti ta mbewu za sikwashizi kudzera m’ziboo zawo zoboola pakamwa. Kuphatikizika kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mawanga achikasu awoneke pa zomera, zomwe pamapeto pake zimasanduka zofiirira.

Amakhudza ambiri a m'banja la cucurbit, monga nkhaka, ndipo angayambitse imfa ya zomera.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta squash ndi tizirombo takuda tomwe timatalika mainchesi 5/8. Nsikidzi za squash ndi membala wa banja lenileni la nsikidzi, zomwe zimaphatikizaponso nsikidzi za zishango ndi nsikidzi zonunkha.

Mofanana ndi achibale ake, kachilombo ka squash kamakhala ngati chishango. Poyang'ana koyamba amatha kuwoneka akuda kwathunthu, koma pamimba pawo pali kusiyana pang'ono mumitundu.

Zikasokonezedwa, zimatulutsa fungo lomwe layerekezedwa ndi cilantro, sulfure, ammonia, kapena nyama yowola.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji zolakwika mu squash?

Akuluakulu (5/8 mainchesi kutalika) ndi ofiirira kapena imvi mumtundu, zomwe zimawalola kubisala mozungulira zomera.

Zodziŵika kuti zikumbu zowona, zili ndi chipolopolo cholimba chachitali chooneka ngati chishango, mapiko aŵiriaŵiri, ndi kamwa zoyamwa zotuluka m’nsonga za mutu.

Spider nymphs (1/10 inchi utali) amadya ndipo amadya m'magulu kapena magulu. Akadakali aang'ono amakhala obiriwira kapena otuwa ndipo amakhala ndi mitu yofiira, miyendo ndi tinyanga. Akakhwima, amakhala oyera motuwa ndi miyendo yakuda.

Taonani: Nsikidzi za sikwashi zimatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa mwaunyinji kapena zikaphwanyidwa.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati sikwashi yawonongeka?

Nsikidzi ya dzungu imabaya malovu owopsa m'malo odyetserako, ndikuyamwa timadziti tomwe timachokera m'madzungu.

Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuwonongeka kwa squash bug ndi mawanga akuda kapena mawanga achikasu pamasamba ndi zimayambira za sikwashi.

Pakapita nthawi, madonthowa amasanduka achikasu kenako abulauni. Izi zikamapitirira, zomera zimayamba kugwa masamba ogwa ngati zizindikiro za kunyala kwa mabakiteriya.

Kuchulukana kosalamulirika kwa nsikidzi za sikwashi kungayambe kudya zipatso za squash pamene zikukula pa mpesa.

Pamenepa, kuwonongeka kumayamba chifukwa cha zotupa zomwe zingapangitse chipatso kuti chiwonongeke mwamsanga ngati chomera chonsecho chikhala ndi nkhawa zokwanira.

Chizindikiro chomaliza cha kuwonongeka kwa squash bug ndi kufa kwa mbewu za sikwashi zomwe zimadya.

Kachilombo ka sikwashi kamatha kupatsira bakiteriya (Serratia marcescens) yemwe amayambitsa matenda a cucurbit yellow grape disease (CYVD), matenda omwe angokhudza mbewu za cucurbit.

Chiphuphuchi sichimangofalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso chimabisala mkati mwake m'nyengo yozizira, pamene palibe zomera kuzungulira.

Mzunguliro wa moyo wa squash kachilomboka

Akuluakulu overwinter ndi kufunafuna pogona pansi wagwa masamba, mipesa, miyala ndi zina m'munda zinyalala.

Kutentha kukayamba kukwera m’nyengo ya masika (kumapeto kwa Meyi ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June), nsikidzi za sikwashi zimatuluka n’kuwulukira m’minda momwe zimadyera ndi kuberekana.

Oviposition posakhalitsa imayamba ndikupitirira mpaka pakati pa chilimwe, ndi akazi akuyikira mazira ang'onoang'ono a bulauni nthawi zambiri pamunsi ndi mapesi a masamba.

Mazirawa amaswa pakatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri, ndipo ana aang’onowo amabalalika kuti adye.

Nymphs amadutsa 5 instars ndipo amatenga masabata 6 kuti akule. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala m'badwo umodzi pachaka.

Taonani: Chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ya oviposition, magawo onse akukula kwa tizilombo ta m'mundamu zimachitika nthawi yonse yachilimwe.

Momwe mungapewere sikwashi

Tizilombo ta squash titha kukhala tizirombo zenizeni m'munda, koma pali njira zopewera matenda.

Nawa maupangiri ndi zidule zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupewa squash bugs pabwalo lanu:

Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi zomera

Ngati zilipo, bzalani mitundu yosamva. Mitundu ya Butternut, Royal Acorn ndi Sweet Cheese imagonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo ta squash.

Yesani kubzala mnzako

Kubzala bwenzi kungathandize pothamangitsa tizilombo ta squash. Yesani kubzala nasturtiums, catnip, adyo, anyezi, radishes, marigolds, calendula ndi tansy kuzungulira zomera zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa ndi nsikidzi za sikwashi.

Chophimba cha zukini ndi mavwende

Nsikidzi za sikwashi zimakonda kubisala pakati pa zomera pansi. Njira ina yabwino yothamangitsira nsikidzi za squash ndi trellis mbewu m'malo mozilola kufalikira.

Sangathe kubisala pamalo okwera kusiyana ndi mulu wa sikwashi kapena patch.

Gwiritsani Ntchito Tizilombo Zopindulitsa

Tizilombo ta tachinid fly Trichopoda pennipes ndiye tizilombo tothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi tizirombo ta squash.

Ntchentche iyi imaikira mazira pafupifupi 100 kunsi kwa nyani komanso akuluakulu a squash kafadala. Mazirawo akaswa, mphutsiyo imalowa m’thupi la kachilomboka n’kumadya matumbo ake asanatuluke m’zigawo za kachilomboka.

Zikamera, mphutsizi zimapha tizilombo ta squash, zomwe zimathandiza kuti dimbalo lichotse tizirombozi. Zimagwira ntchito bwino powononga nymphs osati akuluakulu.

Phatikizani zomera m'munda mwanu zomwe zimakopa mitundu iyi, osati kungoyambitsa.

Ntchentche za Tachinid zimaphatikizapo cilantro, katsabola, fennel, parsley, lace ya Mfumukazi Anne, aster, chamomile, feverfew, bull daisy ndi Shasta daisy.

Ntchentchezi zimakopekanso ndi udzu monga sweet clover.

Samalani ndi mazira a squash kachilomboka

Njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewera kufalikira ndikuwunika mbewu zanu za sikwashi masiku angapo aliwonse kuti mupeze mazira a squash kachilomboka.

Yang'anani mazira potembenuza masamba. Mazira a squash kafadala ndi aang'ono, onyezimira, owoneka ngati oval, komanso amtundu wa kopa.

Gwirani kapena kukwapula m'mbale yamadzi asopo ndikutaya ngati muwona.

Gwiritsani zovundikira mizere

Zophimba za mizere yoyandama ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri zothanirana ndi tizilombo ta sikwashi. Samasula akuluakulu kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yoswana yachilimwe.

Izi zimalepheretsa mibadwo yamtsogolo ya sikwashi kudyetsa ndi kuyikira mazira. Onetsetsani kuti chivundikiro cha mizere chili chokhazikika pansi kuti chinyontho chisalowe.

Zophimba za mizere yoyandama (Harvest-Guard®) zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri zikaikidwa pa mbande ndikusiyidwa pamalo ake mpaka mbewu zitakula kuti zisawonongeke.

Ofufuza ku Iowa State University apeza kuti mulching ndi nyuzipepala ndi udzu pamaso kuphimba minda m'mizere yolimba kumachepetsa udzu ndi tizirombo.

Momwe Mungachotsere Nsikidzi za Squash

Ngati muli ndi tizilombo ta squash m'munda mwanu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite. Nazi njira zonse zochotseratu nsikidzi za squash:

Sankhani ndi kumira

Ngati zomera zochepa zakhudzidwa, sonkhanitsani magawo onse ndi manja kuchokera pansi pa masamba.

Kumiza nsikidzi m'madzi a sopo ndiyo njira yosavuta komanso yachangu kwambiri yozichotsera. Chidebe chosavuta chodzaza ndi madzi ndi sopo wamba chidzakhala bwenzi lanu lapamtima pothana ndi tizirombozi.

Nyamulani ndowayi mukamayang'ana m'munda mwanu tsiku lililonse. Mukhoza kuchotsa tizilombo ta squash podula kapena kuthyola tsamba lophimbidwa ndi tizilombo. Kapenanso, ingowamiza m’madzi ndi kuwasiya amire.

Akafa, mukhoza kutaya madzi bwinobwino popanda kuopa kuti adzakhalanso ndi moyo.

Gwiritsani ntchito mapepala ngati misampha

Ikani matabwa kapena mashingles pansi pafupi ndi zomera zomwe zikukhalamo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro cha usiku, amapanga misampha yabwino kwambiri yosonkhanitsira m'mawa.

Kuti muchite izi, tengani matabwa angapo ndikuwayika mozungulira m'munsi mwa zomera. Usiku, kachilomboka kamakwawa pansi pamatabwa kufunafuna pogona.

M'mawa kwambiri, tengani bolodi lililonse ndikuchotsa pamanja nsikidzi m'munda kapena kuzigwetsa pa bolodi ndikuzimiza mu ndowa yamadzi asopo.

Yesani dziko la diatomaceous

Dziko la Diatomaceous liribe ziphe zapoizoni ndipo limagwira ntchito mwachangu mukakumana. Fumbi pang'ono komanso molingana ku mbewu komwe kumapezeka tizilombo.

Ikani mafuta a neem

Mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi othandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi nymphs kuposa nsikidzi zachikulire pankhani ya mankhwala.

Izi ndichifukwa choti mazira ambiri ndi nsikidzi zimasonkhanitsa pafupi ndi korona wa mpesa ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzifikira ndi sprayers.

Chimodzi mwazopopera zabwino kwambiri ndi mafuta a neem. Pangani mafuta a neem 2-3 pakadutsa masiku 7-10.

Mankhwala ophera tizirombowa amagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndikumateteza tizilombo tomwe timawononga munda wanu. Zabwino kwambiri ndikuti sizowopsa kwa njuchi za uchi ndi tizirombo tina tambiri tothandiza.

Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo

Ngati tizilombo tating'onoting'ono sitingathe kupirira, perekani mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, ikani kunsi kwa masamba ndi pansi pa denga la mmera momwe tizilombo timabisala.

Yesani makina ozungulira

Rototill kapena kutaya zotsalira za mbeu mutangokolola kuti muchepetse chiwerengero cha anthu akuluakulu omwe akudutsa m'nyengo yozizira.