Whitefly pa tomato: momwe mungachotsere mosavuta komanso mwachangu
Tomato ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zotchuka kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kupeza dimba lomwe lilibe mizere ingapo yokhala ndi tchire lamasamba ofiira, othirira mkamwa. Koma kukula kwawo sikophweka nthawi zonse. Tomato nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo, ndipo whitefly ndi kutali ndi malo otsiriza pa mndandanda.
Zamkatimu
Zizindikiro za whitefly pa tomato
Whitewing ndi ntchentche yaing'ono yokhala ndi mapiko oyera ngati chipale chofewa. Maziko a zakudya za tizilombo ndi madzi ochokera ku maselo a zomera. Osati akuluakulu okha omwe amadya madzi, komanso mphutsi zazing'ono zosaoneka bwino, zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lalikulu kwa tomato.
Magawo onse owopsa a ntchentche zoyera nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pamasamba, ndichifukwa chake samawoneka kawirikawiri ndi anthu.
Mutha kuzindikira tizilombo ndi ena zizindikiro zakunja za chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa:
- kutayika kwa machulukitsidwe amtundu wa mbale yamasamba kapena mawonekedwe a mawanga opepuka;
- kufota ndi kupotoza masamba;
- zomatira zonyezimira pamasamba;
- nthawi yayitali yakucha ya tomato;
- kuwoneka kwa mikwingwirima yoyera mu zamkati mwa chipatso.
Kuphatikiza pa zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, ntchentche zoyera nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta zina kwa mbewu. Tizilombozi tikatsatira, pamasamba pamakhala bowa ndi nyerere, zomwe sizimasamala kudya mame.
Zifukwa za whitefly pa tomato
Nsikidzi zimadya tizirombo.
Monga choncho, modzidzimutsa, ntchentche zoyera sizimawonekera pamalopo. M'madera akum'mwera ndi nyengo yofunda, tizilombo timatha kuzizira m'nthaka, pokhala pa siteji ya pupa yabodza, koma m'nyengo yozizira, tizilombo timafa chifukwa cha kuzizira. Ntchentche zoyera zomwe zidawoneka pambuyo pa chisanu chisanu zimatha kulowa m'mabedi motere:
- mutabzala mbande zomwe zili ndi kachilombo;
- kukhala overwintered m'nthaka ya wotsekedwa wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha;
- mutathira manyowa ndi tizilombo tozizira pamabedi.
Mu greenhouses, kuwonjezera tomato, whiteflies amathanso kupatsira zomera zina. Apa mupeza malangizo atsatanetsatane amomwe mungachotsere tizilombo mu wowonjezera kutentha..
Njira zothana ndi ntchentche zoyera pa tomato
Kuti kulimbana ndi tizilombo kubweretsa zotsatira zomwe tikufuna, m'pofunika kuwononga osati akuluakulu okha, komanso mphutsi zawo. Kuti muchite izi, pali njira zambiri zothandiza pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera komanso maphikidwe a anthu.
Zakale zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri, koma sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi ya fruiting, pamene zotsirizirazi zimakhala zotetezeka komanso zachilengedwe. Pakati 11 njira zotsimikiziridwa aliyense adzapeza zake.
Alimi amaluwa odziwa bwino nthawi zambiri amathamangitsa tizirombo pogwiritsa ntchito adani awo achilengedwe. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa biological. Ndizotetezeka kwathunthu kwa zomera ndipo zimapereka zotsatira zabwino. Kuchotsa whitefly kumathandiza:
- ladybug;
- kachilombo ka macrolofus;
- encarsia;
- laceing.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pokhazikika pamabedi a othandizira oterowo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo sangagwiritsidwe ntchito, chifukwa mankhwala amawawononga pamodzi ndi ntchentche zoyera.
Kupewa kuoneka kwa whitefly pa tomato
Tekinoloje yoyenera yaulimi ndi njira zodzitetezera sizingalole kuwoneka kwa tizilombo ndipo simudzasowa kuthana nazo. Pofuna kuteteza tomato ku whiteflies, ndikofunika kutsatira izi:
- kuyeretsa pamwamba pa mabedi;
- kukumba nthaka;
- chithandizo cha greenhouses ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
- kutsegula zitseko ndi mawindo a wowonjezera kutentha pa nthawi ya chisanu;
- kugula mbande kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika;
- malo a milu ya manyowa kutali kwambiri ndi mabedi ndi greenhouses.
Pomaliza
Tomato onunkhira sanasangalale osati ndi anthu okha, komanso ndi tizilombo towononga, kuphatikizapo whitefly. Zambiri, tizirombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti titha kuwononga mbewu yonse mopanda chifundo, chifukwa chake zizindikiro zoyambirira za kukhalapo kwawo zikawoneka, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu ndikuteteza mabedi.
Poyamba