Chongani mapiritsi kwa anthu: kuzindikira ndi kuchiza zotsatira za kuukira koopsa kwa tiziromboti

N'chifukwa chiyani kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa kuli koopsa?

Nkhupakupa imadziluma yokha si yowopsa kuposa kuluma kwa tizilombo tomwe timayamwa magazi. Koma insidiousness wa tiziromboti lagona mu mphamvu yake kunyamula nkhupakupa ofalitsidwa matenda, amene amayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda aakulu - encephalitis, Lyme matenda ndi ena. Monga lamulo, matendawa ndi ovuta, amafunikira chithandizo chanthawi yayitali ndipo, pazovuta kwambiri, zimayambitsa kulumala mwa munthu.

Zomwe zimachitika pakaluma nkhupakupa

Pakulumidwa, nkhupakupa imaboola khungu la wovulalayo, ndikuikonza ndi mano apadera ndikulowetsa proboscis pabalapo.

Panthawi yoyamwa, malovu a tizilombo, omwe ali ndi mavairasi, amalowa m'magazi a munthu wolumidwa.

Ngati nkhupakupa imwa magazi nthawi yayitali, mpata wotenga matenda umachulukirachulukira.

Mankhwala oluma nkhupakupa

Palibe mankhwala enieni ochizira matenda opatsirana ndi nkhupakupa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosatheka kudziwa ngati munthu adatenga kachilomboka pambuyo pa kuukira kwa magazi. Nkhupakupa yochotsedwa ikhoza kutengedwa kuti iunike, koma ngakhale zitapezeka kuti ndi chonyamulira cha matendawa, izi sizikutanthauza kuti wozunzidwayo adwala. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka chithandizo cha prophylactic, ndipo mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ngati, pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, wozunzidwayo akuwonetsa zizindikiro za matenda.

Mankhwala akalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa: maantibayotiki

Pochiza omwe akulumidwa ndi magazi, amoxicillin kapena doxycycline amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Maantibayotiki sagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi encephalitis, koma amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi borrelia, mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda a Lyme. Ndikoyenera kuchita zadzidzidzi prophylaxis pokhapokha maola 72 mutatha kulumidwa.

Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa

Maganizo a akatswiri pa advisability kutenga sapha mavairasi oyambitsa pambuyo kuluma nkhupakupa diverge. Madokotala ena amapereka mankhwala adzidzidzi ndi rimantadine kapena iodantipyrine.

Yodantipyrine

Monga tanena kale, iodantipyrine imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati antiviral therapy. Chidachi chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngati chizindikiro cha isotopu pophunzira zamadzi am'thupi. Pakadali pano, mankhwalawa ali ngati anti-yotupa komanso antiviral wothandizira.

Kophatikiza

Yogwira mankhwala: iodophenazone 100 mg; othandizira: wowuma wa mbatata, dextrose, magnesium stearate.

Pharmacological action

Phindu la mankhwalawa lagona pakuchitapo kanthu motsutsana ndi nkhupakupa zofalitsidwa ndi encephalitis. Komanso, iodantipyrin ali interferonogenic, odana ndi kutupa, immunostimulatory zotsatira.

Zisonyezo

Chizindikiro chomwa mankhwalawa ndikuchiza ndi kupewa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa.

Contraindications

The mankhwala contraindicated odwala ndi hyperthyroidism, komanso anthu amene tcheru zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala.

Njira yoyendetsera ndi mlingo

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri mlingo wa mankhwala amasankhidwa ndi dokotala.

The ambiri zotchulidwa phwando ndi motere: zochizira nkhupakupa wonyamula encephalitis: m`masiku 2 oyambirira kulumidwa, 0,3 g / 3 pa tsiku, pa 3 ndi 4 tsiku, 0,2 g / 3 pa tsiku. , pa 5 ndi masiku wotsatira, 0,1 g / katatu patsiku.

Zolinga za prophylactic, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofananamo. Mapiritsi amatengedwa kokha mukatha kudya.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Nthawi zina, pambuyo kumwa jodantipyrine, thupi lawo siligwirizana, nseru, ndi kutupa.

Chithandizo cha matenda obwera chifukwa cholumidwa

Kuchiza matenda obwera chifukwa cha nkhupakupa kudzakhala kopambana kwambiri ngati kumayambika nthawi yomweyo zizindikiro zowopsya zayamba. Chithandizo cha panthawi yake chidzakuthandizani kupewa zovuta komanso kupereka mwayi wochira kwathunthu.

Encephalitis yopangidwa ndi nkhupakupa

Nthawi yoyamwitsa ya encephalitis yofalitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa imakhala kuyambira masiku 2 mpaka 28. Nthawi zambiri, mawonetseredwe azachipatala amapezeka patatha masiku 7-14 mutatha kuluma.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka mu magawo awiri. Pachigawo choyamba, zizindikiro sizidziwika: kutentha thupi, kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwa mutu ndi minofu, photophobia.

Mawonetseredwe amapita ndi zizindikiro za SARS, kotero kuti wodwalayo safuna chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yake. Gawo loyamba la encephalitis limatha masiku 2 mpaka 7, kenako "kuchira" kumachitika - wodwalayo akumva bwino, zizindikiro zimatha.

Gawoli limatha kuyambira masiku 1 mpaka 21, kenako gawo lachiwiri la matendawa limayamba, lomwe lili ndi zizindikiro zowopsa. Odwala ambiri amakhala ndi meningitis ndi meningoencephalitis panthawiyi.

Mawonetseredwe a gawo lachiwiri la encephalitis: mutu, makamaka occipital dera, khosi kuumirira, photophobia, nseru, kusanza ndi malungo. Pazovuta kwambiri, ziwalo, paresis, kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso mpaka chikomokere, kusokonezeka kwa umunthu kumachitika.

diagnostics

Kuzindikira kwa "tick-borne encephalitis" kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro za meningitis / meningoencephalitis, kukhalapo kwa ma antibodies enieni a IgM ndi IgG m'magazi, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa maselo a cerebrospinal fluid.

Chithandizo cha encephalitis yopangidwa ndi nkhupakupa

Panopa, palibe yeniyeni njira zochizira nkhupakupa ofalitsidwa encephalitis, mankhwala symptomatic. Chithandizo chimachitika m'chipatala ndipo zimadalira kuopsa kwa matenda ndi zizindikiro za matendawa.

Painkillers, anti-inflammatory drugs, antipyretics, antiviral ndi antiemetics amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Komanso ntchito mankhwala kusunga madzimadzi ndi electrolyte bwino ndi, ngati n`koyenera, anticonvulsants.

Chipatala cha matenda a Lyme

Pambuyo pa masabata 3-8, zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha ndipo munthuyo amadzimva kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino, koma matendawa amapita patsogolo. Pali zosokoneza pa ntchito ya ziwalo ndi machitidwe: chiwindi, impso, mantha ndi mtima dongosolo.

Madokotala kusiyanitsa 3 magawo borreliosis.

Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi zizindikiro zenizeni ndi kuopsa, nthawi zambiri pakati pa magawo a matendawa pamakhala nthawi yomwe wodwalayo akumva bwino, zomwe zimasokoneza kwambiri matendawa. Zizindikiro za matenda a Lyme siteji 1:

• erythema migrans, zotupa pakhungu;
• malungo, malungo;
• kupweteka kwa mutu ndi minofu;
• kuwonongeka kwabwino kwabwino, kutopa;
• kunyoza ndi kusanza;
• photophobia.

Gawo lachiwiri limatenga miyezi 1 mpaka 3. Panthawi imeneyi, mabakiteriya amafalikira thupi lonse ndipo amakhudza ziwalo zamkati. Zizindikiro za matenda a Lyme siteji 2:

• kwambiri throbbing mutu;
• kuphwanya tilinazo wa miyendo;
• maganizo lability, irritability;
• zotumphukira radiculopathy;
• palpitations, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa;
• kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya cranial.

Gawo lachitatu la borreliosis limayamba mu miyezi 6-24. Nthawi zambiri, matenda wapezeka ndi bwinobwino ankachitira pa siteji oyambirira. Pa gawo la 3, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati sikungathe kusinthika, zovuta zazikulu za autoimmune zimawonedwa. Zizindikiro:

• kusokonezeka kwachidziwitso;
• meningitis;
• matenda a khunyu, psychosis;
• nyamakazi, kupweteka kwa minofu;
• khungu atrophy.

Kuzindikira Matenda a Lyme

Pa gawo loyamba, chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ndi kupezeka kwa erythema ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi SARS. Pochiza matenda omaliza, njira zotsatirazi za labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kafukufuku wa PCR;
• kugwirizana immunosorbent kuyesa;
• kufufuza kwa microscopic kuti muwone borrelia.

Chithandizo cha matenda a Lyme

Chithandizo cha borreliosis cholinga chake ndikuwononga mabakiteriya m'thupi la wodwalayo ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zamkati. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amafunika kugonekedwa m'chipatala ndi dipatimenti ya matenda opatsirana.

Pa gawo loyamba, matenda a Lyme amachiritsidwa bwino ndi maantibayotiki a gulu la tetracycline; ngati vuto la minyewa ndi mtima limachitika, penicillin ndi cephalosporins zimayikidwa.

Mofananamo, mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito steroidal odana ndi kutupa ndi analgesic, physiotherapy ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, chithandizo cha detoxification chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

kupewa

Matenda oyambitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa amawopseza kwambiri thanzi ndi moyo wa anthu. Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera:

1. Katemera. Pakalipano, pali katemera wokha woletsa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Njira yopewera imeneyi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka makumi angapo ndipo yatha kusonyeza mphamvu zake. Mutha kulandira katemera kwaulere ku chipatala komwe mukukhala.
2. Poyenda m'nkhalango, muyenera kusankha zovala zapadera zodzitetezera: ndizofunika kuti zikhale za mthunzi wopepuka, zovala zakunja ziyenera kuikidwa mu thalauza, ndi mathalauza mu masokosi ndi nsapato. Onetsetsani kuvala zipewa ndi hood.
3. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwapadera kuti muthamangitse ndikuwononga nkhupakupa - mankhwala othamangitsa mankhwala ndi ma acaricides;
4. Pakuyenda, kuyang'ana thupi ndi zovala kuyenera kuchitika mphindi 30 zilizonse.